The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated physical devices that are connected to the internet, capable of collecting and exchanging data. These devices—ranging from smart home gadgets to wearable health trackers—enable real-time monitoring, automation, and enhanced decision-making across various sectors. IoT plays a crucial role in creating smart environments by improving efficiency, supporting remote access, and enabling seamless integration between devices and cloud platforms. As IoT continues to evolve, it brings significant benefits in areas such as energy management, healthcare, customer service, and urban sustainability, while also raising concerns about data security and device vulnerability.