History 2 JVG - Unit 5 review

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History 2 JVG - Unit 5 review


History 2 JVG - Unit 5 reviewVersion en ligne Made by Lara Candal and Alejandro Russillo par Alejandro Russillo 1 How did the enclosure movement change the physical and legal landscape of the English countryside? a The land was divided into equal plots for every citizen in the local areas. b The landscape shifted from large communal open fields to individually-owned holdings fenced. c d 2 The house of commons frequently refused petitions for land enclosures to protect the interests of small farmers and the rural poor. a True. b False. c d 3 What was a major social consequence of the Enclosure Movement for agricultural laborers? a They were often forced to leave and seek employment in towns. b They experienced a sudden increase in wealth due to the efficiency of new machinery. c They were granted permanent legal titles to their ancestral common lands. d 4 What was the historical significance of the Black Act of 1723? a It legalized the poaching of deer to feed the population. b It made the poaching of deer and the exercise of common rights in forests punishable by death. c It regulated commerce with the colonies. d It took power away from the Crown. 5 William Pitt the Younger rejected the ideas of “free trade” to protect English monopolies from the French competition. a True b False c d 6 Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution? (multiple answers possible) Choose one or more answers a The availability of capital. b A total lack of resources, such as coal and sulfur. c A strong banking system. d Technological advances. e A declining population that forced the use of machines. f A period of constant civil war that spurred technological innovation. 7 What was the technological basis of the Industrial Revolution? a The spinning jenny. b Water power. c The steam engine. d 8 Why did William Pitt fail to achieve some of his major reform goals, such as the abolition of the slave trade? a He lacked the support of George III b His primary interest was parliamentary reform so he sacrificed abolition to gain votes. c He has a political tendency to yield to strong opposition rather than fighting it. d 9 How were the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions interrelated processes? a The two revolutions were unrelated, with the Agricultural revolution ending before the Industrial Revolution began. b The agricultural revolution provided the essential food surplus needed to sustain a rapidly growing population. c The Industrial Revolution provided steam-powered tractors that allowed small farmers to maintain the medieval open-field system against large landowners d 10 Mercantilism thought of wealth as: a Limited b Unlimited c Reserved for monarchs because of the Divine Rights of Kings. d 11 For capitalism, the government MUST be: a Present b Absent c Monarchical d 12 Which of these statements is true? (multiple answers possible) Choose one or more answers a Mercantilism supports competition b Capitalism advocates for free trade. c For capitalism, the economy is a sum-zero game, which means that one side must lose for the other one to win d The mercantilist approach concerns itself with trying to always have favourable balance of trade. 13 Which of these texts was used as one of the basis of capitalism? a "The Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith. b "Memorandum on Trade" by Adam Smith. c "The Wealth of Nations" by Jean-Baptiste Colbert. d "Memorandum on Trade" by Jean-Baptiste Colbert. 14 Mercantilism was previous to capitalism, chronologically. a True b False c d 15 England was unable to recover financially from the loss of the American colonies. a True b False c d 16 What is Laissez-Faire? a A mercantilist idea. It means "gaining control" (of the economy). b A mercantilist idea. It means "letting do." c A capitalist idea. It means "gaining control" (of the economy). d A capitalist idea. It means "letting do." Feedback 1 Enclosures involved the ownership of rural land, with landowners typically receiving most of the land and smaller farmers often losing out. 2 Petitions were unlikely to be refused because the members of the parliament were landowners themselves who shared the same interests with those petitioning 3 The loss of common rights and the consolidation of lands left many without a means of subsistence. While national wealth grew, the benefits were not shared equally. 4 It signified a major shift where the legal system prioritized the landowner's definition of private property over the traditional "common rights" like hunting. 5 Pitt moved towards free trade by reducing taxes and creating a commercial treaty with France. 6 By that time, the population was rapidly increasing and England's accumulated capital from commerce and its strong banking system provided the necessary capital to invest in technological advances. 7 While there were many inventions, the steam engine was the primary basis of the Industrial revolution. Specifically the efficient model devised by James Watt, which substituted water and steam power for manual labor. 8 He dropped the abolition of the slave trade when powerful merchants from London and Liverpool opposed it. 9 The two revolutions are interrelated in one Economic Revolution. The Industrial Revolution produced a massive population shift towards towns, and as the workers no longer produced their own food, the agricultural revolution became essential to feed them. 10 For mercantilism, wealth is stored as gold and silver, and is stored by each country. Because of this, wealth is limited. In contrast, capitalism thought of wealth as creatable through production. 11 Capitalism competition by not intervening at all. 12 A is false, as mercantilism actually advocates for monopoly! B is true. C is also false. This view of wealth belongs to mercantilism. D is true. 13 "Memorandum on Trade" by Jean-Baptiste Colbert was one of the foundational texts for mercantilism. 14 Mercantilism actually started in the XVI century, and lasted until the XVIII. Meanwhile, capitalism started in the XVIII century, and has been prevalent ever since. 15 England recovered quickly from the financial loss as trade with India and Europe increased. 16 Laissez-Faire involves not getting involved in the matters of businesses. Thus, this is a capitalist idea.

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History 2 JVG - Unit 5 review

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History 2 JVG - Unit 5 reviewVersion en ligne

par Alejandro Russillo

How did the enclosure movement change the physical and legal landscape of the English countryside?

The house of commons frequently refused petitions for land enclosures to protect the interests of small farmers and the rural poor.

What was a major social consequence of the Enclosure Movement for agricultural laborers?

What was the historical significance of the Black Act of 1723?

William Pitt the Younger rejected the ideas of “free trade” to protect English monopolies from the French competition.

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution? (multiple answers possible)

Choose one or more answers

What was the technological basis of the Industrial Revolution?

Why did William Pitt fail to achieve some of his major reform goals, such as the abolition of the slave trade?

How were the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions interrelated processes?

Mercantilism thought of wealth as:

For capitalism, the government MUST be:

Which of these statements is true? (multiple answers possible)

Choose one or more answers

Which of these texts was used as one of the basis of capitalism?

Mercantilism was previous to capitalism, chronologically.

England was unable to recover financially from the loss of the American colonies.

What is Laissez-Faire?

Feedback