Relier Pairs Meds Match: Drug Classes and UsesVersion en ligne Pair common medications with their primary use or class. par clari adame 1 Antidote 2 Administration routes 3 Pediatric dosage 4 Common use 5 Acetaminophen 6 Maximum dosage 7 Action 8 Nursing considerations 10–15 mg/kg per dose; max 5 doses/24h Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic Max 4000 mg/24 hours Assess alcohol and OTC use Commonly prescribed for mild pain and fever PO, PR, IV 1 Administration 2 Pharmacologic class 3 Additional information 4 Client teaching 5 Action 6 Common side effects 7 Nursing implications 8 Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) PO, PR (oral, rectal) Inhibits prostaglandin production; reduces platelets Hearing loss, tinnitus, GI bleeding Assess pain/fever; assess for bleeding Therapeutic: antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic Salicylates Take with water; upright 15-30 min Low-dose for TIA/MI; avoid under 18 w/o order 1 Patient teaching 2 Administration routes 3 Albuterol 4 Beta2-adrenergic agonist 5 Onset and duration (inhalation) 6 Indications 7 Common side effects 8 Nursing implications Nervousness, tremors, insomnia, headache Adrenergic with airway relaxation PO and inhalation Bronchodilator (therapeutic) Use spacer in children; 1 min between puffs; regular intervals Relief for reversible airway obstruction; exercise-induced bronchospasm Onset 5-15 min; peak 60-90 min; 3-6 h Assess lung sounds and pulse; watch for paradoxical bronchospasm 1 Administration 2 Side Effects 3 Vitamin D 4 Nursing Implications 5 Calcium carbonate 6 Therapeutic 7 Maximum oral dose of calcium at one time is 500 mg 8 Pharmacologic Monitor BP, P and EKG during IV use Max 500 mg per dose PO or IV routes Arrhythmias and constipation Mineral and electrolyte replacement None Needed for calcium absorption Calcium supplement for bone and heart function 1 Side Effects 2 Nursing Implications 3 Celecoxib 4 Action 5 Client Teaching 6 Therapeutic class 7 Additional Information Inhibits enzyme COX-2 which is required for prostaglandin synthesis Assess site of pain, may be hard on the liver Monitor for increased AST/ALT blood levels Commonly prescribed for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis Watch for GI symptoms GI bleeding, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, nausea COX-2 inhibitor Antirheumatic; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (PO) 1 Client Teaching 2 Codeine 3 Side Effects 4 Action 5 Nursing Implications 6 Nursing Implications 7 Nursing Implications 8 Nursing Implications 9 Action 10 Additional Information Use with extreme caution in patients receiving MAO inhibitors (reduce initial dosage to 25% of usual dose). Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS which alters the perception and response to pain while producing generalized CNS depression confusion, sedation, respiratory depression, hypotension, constipation, nausea, vomiting Assess type, location and intensity of pain before and 30-60 min after administration. Watch for overdose. Assess level of sedation Assess bowel function every four hours t: allergy, cold, cough remedies, antitussives, opioid analgesics p: opioid agonists PO, IM, IV, SUBQ Commonly used for the management of mild to moderate pain. Antitussive in smaller doses. decreases cough reflex, decreases GI motility Instruct client on how and when to ask for pain medication Have client ask for help with assistance when ambulating due to drowsiness and dizziness. Assess BP, P, R. If respirations <10/min 1 Client Teaching 2 Side Effects 3 Nursing Implications 4 Client Teaching 5 Docusate 6 Action 7 Additional Information 8 Client Teaching Encourage patients to use other forms of bowel regulation, such as increasing fiber, fluids, and mobility. Commonly used for constipation. Oral therapy may take 3-5 days to produce results. Rectal therapy may produce results within 2 – 15 minutes. T: laxatives P: stool softeners PO, PR Mild cramps, diarrhea Draws water into stool resulting in softer fecal mass Advise client that laxatives should be used only for short-term therapy. Long-term therapy may cause electrolyte imbalance and dependence. Assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds and usual pattern of bowel function. Assess color, consistency, and amount of stool produced Instruct clients with cardiac disease to avoid straining during bowel movements (Valsalva maneuver) 1 Client Teaching 2 Nursing Implications 3 Action 4 Client Teaching 5 Side Effects 6 Side Effects 7 Additional Information 8 Additional Information 9 Fentanyl 10 Additional Information 11 Antidote: 12 Nursing Implications naloxone Symptoms of toxicity include respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia. Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, altering the response to and perception of pain. Safety Measures. Avoid activities requiring alertness. Change position slowly, use care with ambulation. Assess level of sedation. Assess bowel function and prevent constipation. Perform good oral hygiene and intervention to decrease dry mouth. Prolonged use may lead to physical and/or psychological dependence. Confusion, sedation, weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, respiratory depression, n & v constipation, facial itching, dry mouth, headache, sweating. Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants while taking medication. Instruct patient in correct method for application and disposal of transdermal system. Avoid use in patients who have received MAO inhibitors within previous 14 days (may produce unpredictable, potentially fatal reactions). T: opioid analgesic P: opioid agonist Initiate safety measures. Assess pain and pain relief with appropriate pain scale. Assess blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate/status. Facial itching is common with epidural use and may be treated with diphenhydramine (Benadryl). 1 Action 2 Additional Information 3 Nursing Implications 4 Side Effects 5 Client Teaching 6 Ferrous Sulfate Has darker stools. Instruct client to follow a diet high in iron and increase fluids. Vitamin C aids with absorption. Liquid forms may stain teeth. Assess nutrition Assess bowel function Monitor hemoglobin/hematocrit Enters the blood stream and goes to organs such as the liver, spleen, bone marrow where it becomes part of iron stores T: antianemics P: iron supplement PO, IM, IV Commonly prescribed for iron deficiency anemia Nausea, constipation, dark stools, diarrhea, epigastric pain 1 Additional Information 2 Client Teaching 3 Action 4 Nursing Implications 5 Folic Acid 6 Side Effects 7 Action 8 Nursing Implications Required for protein synthesis and red blood cell function. Stimulates the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Assess for symptoms of anemia. Monitor plasma folic acid levels, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and reticulocyte count before and periodically during therapy All women of childbearing age are encouraged to take folic acid. Folic acid early in pregnancy is necessary to prevent neural tube defects. Necessary for normal fetal development. Restoration and maintenance of normal hematopoiesis. May decrease serum concentrations of other B complex vitamins when given in high/continuous doses. Rash, irritability, difficulty sleeping, malaise, confusion, fever. T: antianemic, vitamin P: water soluble vitamin IV, IM, PO, SubQ Encourage foods high in folic acid: vegetables, fruits, and organ meats. Heat destroys folic acid in food. May cause intensely yellow urine.
look for the name with the structure