HYDROMETEOROLOGY (LESSON 2.3B)

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EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

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Grace Balahay

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HYDROMETEOROLOGY (LESSON 2.3B)


HYDROMETEOROLOGY (LESSON 2.3B)Version en ligne EVAPOTRANSPIRATION par Grace Balahay 1 Sometimes termed as consumptive use (U) Written answer 2 When the sufficient moisture is always available to completely meet the needs of vegetation fully covering the area Written answer 3 Evaporation from the short green vegetation when the roots are supplied with unlimited water covering the soil Written answer 4 It is no longer critically depends on the soil and plant factors but depends on essentially on the climatic factors Written answer 5 it is the real evapotranspiration that occurs in a specific situation Written answer 6 The maximum quantity if water that the soil can retain against the force of gravity • Any higher moisture input at field capacity will simply drain away Written answer 7 The moisture content of a soil at which the soil moisture is no longer available in sufficient quantity to sustain the plants • The remaining moisture in the soil will just be held by the soil grains that the roots of the plants are not able to extract sufficiently, hence the plant will wilt Written answer 8 • Difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point • The moisture available for plant growth Written answer 9 is a special watertight tank containing a block of soil and set in a field of growing plants. Written answer 10 all the elements of the water budget in a known interval of time are measured and the evapotranspiration determined as: Evapotranspiration = [precipitation + irrigation input – runoff - increase in soil storage groundwater loss] Written answer 11 The lack of reliable field data and the difficulties of obtaining reliable evapotranspiration data have given rise to a number of methods to predict PET by using Written answer 12 is based on sound theoretical reasoning and is obtained by a combination of the energy-balance and mass-transfer approach. Written answer 13 estimate ETo by using radiation, air temperature, air humidity and wind speed data. Written answer 14 for hydrological and irrigation applications can be obtained through a process water budgeting and accounting for soil-plant-atmosphere interactions. Written answer 15 In the precipitation reaching the surface of a catchment the major abstraction is from the infiltration process. Written answer 16 is solely due to evaporation and does not include transpiration, throughfall or stemflow. Written answer 17 It is estimated that of the total rainfall in an area during a plant-growing season the interception loss is about Written answer 18 Also, dense grasses have nearly same interception losses as full-grown trees and can account for nearly _____ of the total rainfall in the season. Written answer 19 volume of water trapped in the depressions before it can flow over the surface Written answer 20 largely used by irrigation engineers to calculate the water requirements of crops, which is taken as the difference between PET and effective precipitation. Written answer 21 is another empirical formula similar to Eq. (3.17) but with an additional correction for humidity. Written answer 22 developed from the data of eastern USA and uses only the mean monthly temp. together with an adjustment for day-lenghts Written answer 23 interception storage whose value varies from ________ depending on the nature of vegetation Written answer 24 in sand Written answer 25 in loam Written answer 26 in clay Written answer

HYDROMETEOROLOGY (LESSON 2.3B)

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HYDROMETEOROLOGY (LESSON 2.3B)Version en ligne

par Grace Balahay

Sometimes termed as consumptive use (U)

When the sufficient moisture is always available to completely meet the needs of vegetation fully covering the area

Evaporation from the short green vegetation when the roots are supplied with unlimited water covering the soil

It is no longer critically depends on the soil and plant factors but depends on essentially on the climatic factors

it is the real evapotranspiration that occurs in a specific situation

The maximum quantity if water that the soil can retain against the force of gravity • Any higher moisture input at field capacity will simply drain away

The moisture content of a soil at which the soil moisture is no longer available in sufficient quantity to sustain the plants • The remaining moisture in the soil will just be held by the soil grains that the roots of the plants are not able to extract sufficiently, hence the plant will wilt

• Difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point • The moisture available for plant growth

is a special watertight tank containing a block of soil and set in a field of growing plants.

all the elements of the water budget in a known interval of time are measured and the evapotranspiration determined as: Evapotranspiration = [precipitation + irrigation input – runoff - increase in soil storage groundwater loss]

The lack of reliable field data and the difficulties of obtaining reliable evapotranspiration data have given rise to a number of methods to predict PET by using

is based on sound theoretical reasoning and is obtained by a combination of the energy-balance and mass-transfer approach.

estimate ETo by using radiation, air temperature, air humidity and wind speed data.

for hydrological and irrigation applications can be obtained through a process water budgeting and accounting for soil-plant-atmosphere interactions.

In the precipitation reaching the surface of a catchment the major abstraction is from the infiltration process.

is solely due to evaporation and does not include transpiration, throughfall or stemflow.

It is estimated that of the total rainfall in an area during a plant-growing season the interception loss is about

Also, dense grasses have nearly same interception losses as full-grown trees and can account for nearly _____ of the total rainfall in the season.

volume of water trapped in the depressions before it can flow over the surface

largely used by irrigation engineers to calculate the water requirements of crops, which is taken as the difference between PET and effective precipitation.

is another empirical formula similar to Eq. (3.17) but with an additional correction for humidity.

developed from the data of eastern USA and uses only the mean monthly temp. together with an adjustment for day-lenghts

interception storage whose value varies from ________ depending on the nature of vegetation

in sand

in loam

in clay