Neuroscience Exam 2

Froggy Jumps

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UA neuroscience class

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Takeyia

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Neuroscience Exam 2


Froggy Jumps Neuroscience Exam 2Version en ligne UA neuroscience class par Takeyia 1 what is IGluSnFr? a An engineered NT receptor that changes protein structure and binds to NT Glutamate b An engineered PT receptor that changes protein structure and binds to PT Glutamate c An engineered NT receptor that holds protein structure and binds to NT Serotonin 2 what does a post-synaptic membrane do as a neurotransmission? a Stimulates the nerve, with the same effect as iontophoresis b Stimulates the nerve, with the different effect as iontophoresis c Stimulates the ions, with the same effect as iontophoresis 3 What are the 2 NT receptors a Inotropic and Metabotropic b Serotonin and dopamine c Glutamate and GABA 4 what does the V-clamp muscle membrane do? a Hold the membrane voltage and measure the current b Clamps the membrane voltage and measure the current c release the membrane voltage and measure the current 5 Excitatory Post-Synaptic Currents a measured by v-clamps and measure currents, 50pA and 100ms b measures by v-clamps and measured currents, 50pA and 100ms c measured by v-clamps and measure currents, 60pA and 300ms 6 excitatory postsynaptic potentials a observed in membrane voltage recordings and measures voltage changes b change membrane voltage recordings and measures voltage changes c observed in membrane voltage recordings and observes voltage changes 7 Linear I-V curve a channels with single conductance, not voltage dependent b channels with multiple conductance, not voltage dependent c channels with single conductance, voltage dependent 8 what does nicotine activate? a ACh receptors b seratonin receptors c GABA receptors 9 ACh receptors? a protein that binds to acetylcholine to elicit a cellular response b protein that release acetylcholine to elicit a cellular response c protein that binds to acetylcholine to prevent a cellular response 10 NACHR structure a 5 subunits, extracellular n-terminal. 4 transmembrane, intracellular loop between M3 and M4 b 4 subunits, extracellular n-terminal. 5 transmembrane, intracellular loop between M3 and M4 c 5 subunits, intracellular n-terminal. 4 transmembrane, extracellular loop between M3 and M4 11 Lifecycle of Acetylcholine a created at the nerve terminal by choline acetyltransferase b modified at the nerve terminal by choline acetyltransferase c created at the nerve terminal by DNA 12 What's the primary excitatory NT in CNS a Gulmate b gultaminase c GABA 13 How does the brain use glutamate a transporters, compartmentalization between neurons and gila, synthesis within neurons b uses neurons to make GABA c releases it into the brain 14 lifestyle of Glutamate a created by glutaminase and cleared by astrocytes b cleared by glutaminase and created by astrocytes c created by 2 glutaminase and cleared by 4 astrocytes 15 AMPA a permeable to Na+ and K+ b permeable to 2Na+ and 4K+ c permeable to Na+ and K+ and Ca2+ 16 NMPA a permeable to Na+ and K+ and Ca2+ b permeable to Na+ and K+ c permeable to 2Na+ and 2K+ 17 what does Ca2+ do in a cell? a NMDA-mediated Ca2+ currents link intercellular Ca2+ state to synaptic inputs b NMDA-mediated Ca2+ currents link extracellular Ca2+ state to synaptic inputs c NMDA-mediated Ca2+ currents link intercellular Ca2+ state to synaptic outputs 18 how does the CNS prevent excess excitation a maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals, GABA, glial cells, synaptic b uses excitatory signals, GABA, glial cells, synaptic c uses inhibitory signals, GABA, glial cells, synaptic 19 GABA a synthesized from glutamate b synthesized from glial cells c synthesized from glutamate 20 chloride ion C+ influx a GABAa b GABAb c GABAc 21 Potassium ion K+ efflux a GABAb b GABAc c GABAa 22 What ion triggers NT vesicles to dock with the membrane a Ca2+ b K+ c Cl+ 23 what protein does Ca2+ bind to? a Synaptotagmin b Synaptosome c Synapas 24 How does this ion get into the pre-synaptic nerve terminal? a Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels b Voltage-gated Cl+ channels c Voltage-gated K+ channels 25 What physical process explains how NT molecules move to the post-synaptic side? a Diffusion b Osmosis c K+ gradient 26 In LGICs, NT binding causes what kind of response? a Ligand-gated ion channels open b Potassium-gated ion channels open c Chlorine-gated ion channels open 27 How does the opening of LIGCs affect the post-synaptic Vm? a Draws Vm to Erev of the channel b Draws Vk to Erev of the channel c Draws Ve to Erev of the channel 28 How are NTs “loaded” into vesicles? a Vesicular NT transports pump NT into the vesicle in exchange for H+ ions down their electro gradient b Vesicular NT transports pump CT into the vesicle in exchange for H+ ions down their electro gradient c Vesicular NT transports pump NT into the vesicle in exchange for K+ ions down their electro gradient 29 Neurons often receive multiple synaptic inputs: How are these inputs combined? a Synaptic integration b Vesicle integration c Neuron integration 30 norepinephrine (NE) a speeds up heart rate b stop heart rate c slow down heart rate 31 ACh (via metabotropic receptor) a slows down the heart b speeds up the heart c stops the heart 32 Parkinson’s Disease a loss of DA neurons, treated with L-DOPA, dopamine b gain of DA neurons. Treated with L-DOPA, dopamine c no DA neurons, Treated with DOPA, serotonin 33 positive selection a Increased beneficial alleles b Decrease detrimental alleles c Random events 34 negative selection a Decrease detrimental alleles b Increased beneficial alleles c Random events 35 genetic drift a Random events b Increased beneficial alleles c Decrease detrimental alleles 36 Oldest ion channels a K+ b Cl- c Ca2+ 37 Evolutionary origin of synapses a Cadherin predates neurons b Evolved from exocytosis c Membrane fusion 38 Evolution of NT release a Evolved from exocytosis b Cadherin predates neurons c single-cell organisms! 39 How do you get faster propagation of action potentials? a convergent evolution. b reciprocal evolution c mammal evolution

Neuroscience Exam 2

Froggy Jumps

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Neuroscience Exam 2Version en ligne

par Takeyia

what is IGluSnFr?

what does a post-synaptic membrane do as a neurotransmission?

What are the 2 NT receptors

what does the V-clamp muscle membrane do?

Excitatory Post-Synaptic Currents

excitatory postsynaptic potentials

Linear I-V curve

what does nicotine activate?

ACh receptors?

NACHR structure

Lifecycle of Acetylcholine

What's the primary excitatory NT in CNS

How does the brain use glutamate

lifestyle of Glutamate

AMPA

NMPA

what does Ca2+ do in a cell?

how does the CNS prevent excess excitation

GABA

chloride ion C+ influx

Potassium ion K+ efflux

What ion triggers NT vesicles to dock with the membrane

what protein does Ca2+ bind to?

How does this ion get into the pre-synaptic nerve terminal?

What physical process explains how NT molecules move to the post-synaptic side?

In LGICs, NT binding causes what kind of response?

How does the opening of LIGCs affect the post-synaptic Vm?

How are NTs “loaded” into vesicles?

Neurons often receive multiple synaptic inputs: How are these inputs combined?

norepinephrine (NE)

ACh (via metabotropic receptor)

Parkinson’s Disease

positive selection

negative selection

genetic drift

Oldest ion channels

Evolutionary origin of synapses

Evolution of NT release

How do you get faster propagation of action potentials?