essential amino acids: functions, types, and basics.
1
What is an essential amino acid?
2
How many essential amino acids are there in adults?
3
What could happen if a person does not consume protein-containing foods
4
Which essential amino acid contains sulfur
5
Which essential amino acid(s) is/are strictly ketogenic?
Choose one or more answers
6
Phenylketonuria is a disorder related to metabolism of which amino acid?
7
Which of the following is an essential amino acid?
8
Maple syrup urine disease mainly affects which amino acids?
9
Is lysine polar or nonpolar?
10
Which essential amino acid is aromatic?
11
Which source provides all essential amino acids (complete protein)?
12
Classic homocystinuria affects metabolism of which amino acid?
13
Which plant protein is considered a complete protein?
14
Branched chain essential amino acids (BCAAs) include:
Choose one or more answers
15
Phenylalanine is a precursor for which non-essential amino acid?
16
Legumes are generally low in which essential amino acid?
Feedback
Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must come from food.
histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine
Without sufficient protein intake, the rate of protein synthesis in most body tissues decreases, leading to impaired tissue maintenance and function. This can result in muscle weakness, slow healing, weakened immunity, and other health problems. Protein deficiency disrupts the body's ability to synthesize these critical proteins, which negatively affects overall body function
Phenylalanine contains an aromatic benzene ring.
Valine has a branched aliphatic (non-aromatic) side chain.
Tryptophan contains a larger aromatic indole ring (benzene fused to pyrrole).
Leucine and lysine are strictly ketogenic (metabolised only to ketone bodies or acetyl-CoA); the others are mixed or glucogenic (converted into glucose).
Phenylalanine contains a benzene (aromatic) ring. Prefix pheny- refers to the benzene ring
Most animal proteins are complete; many plant sources are incomplete without combos.
Cystathionine beta-synthase defects raise homocysteine and impact methionine pathway.
Soy provides all essential amino acids; most other plants lack one or more.
BCAAs are valine, leucine, and isoleucine. They play a role in muscle metabolism and energy production.
Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine, which is a precursor for neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine.
Legumes provide good lysine but are deficient in sulfur-containing amino acids like methionine.
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Tissues - Practice Quiz