Compléter
test your knowledge
There
are
two
types
of
repetors
in
the
parasympathetic
nervous
branch
:
receptors
(
which
stimulates
smooth
muscle
)
and
receptors
(
which
stimulates
skeletal
muscle
)
.
2
parasympathomimetic
synergistic
Cholinergic
acetylcholinesterase
adrenergic
drugs
mimic
the
activity
of
the
parasympathetic
nervous
system
.
They
are
also
called
drug
s
3
ACh
AChE
Acetylcholinesterase
(
)
is
an
enzyme
that
can
inactivate
the
neurotransmitter
,
thereby
preventing
the
nerve
synapse
from
continuing
the
nerve
impulse
.
4
Acetylcholine
acetylcholinesterse
norepinephrine
ACh
(
)
is
the
neurotransmission
substance
that
carries
nerve
impulses
across
the
parasympathetic
branch
of
the
autonomic
nervous
system
.
5
myasthenia gravis
lewy body
Alzheimer
dementia
colon
This
interruption
in
neurotransmission
can
diminish
cognitive
function
,
which
is
seen
in
illnesses
such
as
disease
.
6
anticholinesterase
cholinergic
inhibitors
dopamine
anticolontise
acetylcholinsterase
drugs
Drugs
that
inhibit
the
enzyme
AChE
are
called
or
.
7
direct
reproductive
circulatory
cardiac
digestion
respiratory
cholinergics
elimination
vision
acting
Drugs
acting
on
the
sympathetic
nervous
system
more
prominently
impact
the
,
,
or
systems
.
Cholinergic
drugs
that
act
on
the
parasympathetic
nervous
system
more
prominently
impact
,
,
and
the
system
.
Drugs
like
ACh
are
called
-
.
8
stimulants
acting
muscle
cholinergics
indirect
anticholinesterase
ACh
AChe
Cholinergic
drugs
that
prolong
the
activity
of
by
inhibiting
the
release
of
are
called
-
or
.
This
occurs
when
there's
a
lack
of
ACh
being
released
at
the
nerve
endings
of
the
PN
S
9
glaucoma
immunotherapy
gravis
myasthenia
An
example
of
indirect
action
is
the
use
of
cholinergic
drugs
to
treat
,
a
disease
that
involves
rapid
fatigue
of
skeletal
muscles
.
Primary
treatment
of
this
disease
is
accomplished
with
.
10
indirect-acting cholinergics
neurogenic bladder
miosis
cholinergics
direct
urinary retention
acting
micturition
Drugs
like
ACh
are
called
-
.
An
example
of
cholinergic
influence
is
on
the
act
of
(
voiding
of
urine
)
.
11
acting
Urinary
retention
fluid retention
involuntary
constricting
retention
cholinergic
contraction
parasympathetic
urinary
volunty
direct
relaxing
involuntary
indirect-acting cholinergics
Micturition
is
both
a
and
an
act
.
The
branch
of
the
autonomic
nervous
system
party
controls
the
(
)
process
of
micturition
by
the
detrusor
muscle
and
the
bladder
sphincter
.
results
when
micturition
is
impaired
.
Treatment
of
with
-
drugs
causes
of
the
bladder
smooth
muscles
and
passage
of
urine
.
12
miosis
mitosis
acting
indirect
direct-acting cholinergic
glaucoma
anticholinesterase muscle stimulant
cholinergic
micturition
Treatment
of
with
an
-
drugs
produces
(
constriction
of
the
iris
)
.
13
Acytylcholinesterase
cholinergic
Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Which
of
the
following
is
the
substance
responsible
for
transmission
of
nerve
impulses
across
the
parasympathetic
nervous
system
?
14
gravis
Myasthenia
fluid retention
Urinary
Neurogenic
relaxed
abdominal cramping
retention
gastroinintestinal issues
Cardiac arrythmias
Major
uses
of
the
cholinergic
drugs
are
in
the
treatment
of
the
following
:
,
bladder
,
and
.
15
tissue perfusion
respiratory distress
Nausea
diarrhea
salivation
flushing
urinary retention
weakness
dizziness
cardiac
muscle
arrythmias
myasthenia gravis
General
adverse
reactions
include
the
following
:
,
,
abdominal
cramping
,
,
of
the
skin
,
,
and
.
16
peptic
asthma
hyperthyroidism
coronary
iritis
atropine
corneal
hypersensitivity
glaucoma
genitourinary
GI
Bethanol
These
drugs
are
contraindicated
in
clients
with
known
to
the
drugs
,
,
ulcers
disease
,
artery
disease
,
and
.
is
contraindicated
in
those
with
mechanical
obstruction
of
the
or
tracts
.
Clients
with
secondary
,
,
abrasion
,
or
any
actue
inflammatory
disease
of
the
eye
should
not
use
the
ophthalamic
cholinergic
preparations
.
17
pregnancy
E
megacolon
arrhythmias
lactation
C
coronary
cardiac
tachycardia
bradycardia
hypertension
D
hypotension
These
drugs
are
used
cautiously
in
clients
with
,
epilepsy
,
,
,
recent
occlusion
,
and
.
The
safety
of
the
drugs
have
NOT
been
established
for
use
during
(
pregnancy
category
)
,
,
or
children
18
Pyridostigmine
amplifies
cholinergic
anticholinergic
Bethanechol
agonizes
antidote
eliminator
synergistic
atropine
Zyban
acetylcholinesterase
anticholinergic
antagonizes
When
drugs
are
administered
with
the
other
cholinergics
,
there
is
a
(
the
effect
is
greater
than
that
of
each
of
the
two
drugs
separately
)
effect
of
the
drugs
and
greater
risk
for
toxicity
.
Concurrent
use
of
more
than
one
drug
the
effects
of
cholinergic
drugs
.
Because
drugs
can
have
this
additive
effect
,
is
the
drug
used
as
an
for
overdose
of
cholinergic
drugs
.
19
Zyban
dry mouth
salivation
muscle
Cholinergic
weakness
atropine
constipation
nausea
diarrhea
corticosteriods
crisis
(
cholinergic
drug
toxicity
)
symptoms
include
severe
abdominal
cramping
,
,
excessive
,
,
rigidity
and
spasm
,
and
clenching
of
the
jaw
.
In
case
of
drug
overdose
,
an
antidote
such
as
is
administered
.
20
absence
increased
gravis
presence
before
between
client's
myasthenia
decreased
response
For
a
client
with
,
you
have
to
assess
the
client
for
the
or
of
the
symptoms
before
each
drug
dose
(
extreme
fatigue
,
drooping
eyelids
,
muscle
weakness
,
inability
to
chew
and
swallow
,
etc
)
.
Carry
out
these
assessments
drug
doses
as
well
as
immediately
drug
administered
.
Assessment
is
important
because
the
dosage
ferequently
is
or
early
in
therapy
,
depending
on
the
.
21
20-30
15
buccal
30
30-60
5
subcutaneous
IV
90
oral
Voiding
usually
occurs
in
-
min
after
drug
administration
and
-
min
after
administration
22
time-released
1-2
2
release
3-4
Sustained
myasthenia
4
gravis
Oral
drug
administration
is
typically
the
route
used
to
manage
symptoms
of
.
Clients
with
severe
symptoms
of
the
disease
require
the
drug
every
-
hr
,
even
during
the
night
.
-
tablets
are
available
that
alow
less
frequent
dosing
and
help
the
client
have
longer
undisturbed
periods
during
the
night
.
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