The History of Taxnomy & Modern Phylogenetic Taxonomy
1
What's the definition of taxonomy?
2
What's the definition of phylogeny?
3
What's the definition of kingdom?
4
What's the definition of species?
8
What's species identifier?
11
Aristotle classified animals on the basis of...
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The main criterion used in Linnaeus's system of classification is an organism's...
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Each subset within a class of organisms is called...
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In the scientific name of an organism, the first part is the...
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The species name of the lion is...
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How were the classification systems of Aristotle and Linnaeus similar?
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The word part 𝘣𝘪- means "two," and the word part 𝘯𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘯 means "name." Explain how these word parts relate to the system scientists use to identify organisms.
18
How does the classification process used by modern taxonomists differ from that used by Linnaeus?
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Explain why Aristotle's system of classifying animals is no longer used by biologists. Used examples from the animal kingdom to support your answer.
20
Fill in the names of the seven levels of organization in Linnaeus's system of classifying organisms, with a representing the smallest category and g the largest category.
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Provide a specific example for the level represented by g.
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Define phylogenetic tree.
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The legs of insects and the legs of mammals...
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Examination of embryological patterns of development reveals that...
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The molecular-clock model of evolutionary relationships is based on the assumption that changes in amino acid sequence...
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One example of a derived character is provided by the...
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Cladistic taxonomists establish evolutionary relationships among organisms by examining the organisms'...
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List four types of evidence used by systematic taxonomists to construct phylogenetic trees.
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How is a blastopore used to indicate evolutionary relationships?
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How do shared derived characters help cladistic taxonomists determine phylogenetic relationships?
34
A paleontologist studying two modern species finds a 7-million-year-old fossil organism with a morphology similar to the modern species and concludes that it is an ancestor of both. A molecular biologist studying the amino acid sequence of a particular protein in both modern species concludes that the two species last shared a common ancestor 12.5 million years ago. Suggest possible reasons for the discrepancy in the two conclusions.
Choose one or more answers
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2. What was the most recent common ancestor of organisms 2 and 3?
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3. What was the most recent common ancestor of organisms 1 and 5?
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