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cell junctions

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types of cell junctions, their structures, and their functions

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biology cell junctions cadherins Âge recommandé: 18 ans
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cell junctions

types of cell junctions, their structures, and their functions

Zainab Nabeel
1

cytoskeleton adhering adherens kidney intercellular basal junctions Cell lumen epithelial intermediate cadherins

are specialized structures that keep cells in close contact with each other and allow for the transport of materials or charge between them . They are composed by transmembrane proteins called . These proteins connect the of one cell to the cytoskeleton of another cell . We have three types of cadherins : , neuronal , and placental cadherins . The loss of cadherins can contribute to cancer because cells without cadherins are able to separate and go to places where they should not be . There are 3 types of cell junctions : , gap , and tight junctions . Adhering junctions are considered the main way to link cells together . We have two types of adhering junctions : junctions and desmosomes . Adherens junctions join the actin filaments of neighboring cells . Desmosomes are even stronger connections that join the filaments of neighboring cells together . Desmosomes are further divided into two types : macula adherens and hemidesmosomes . Unlike macula adherens , hemidesmosomes do not anchor one cell to another cell , they connect intermediate filaments of a cell to the lamina . Cells with gap junctions have a narrow intercellular space between them that is about 2 - 4 nm in diameter . Gap junctions are composed by a hexagonal array of proteins ( connexins ) in each cell membrane . The protein arrays of one cell align with the protein arrays of another , which results in hydrophilic channels that facilitate the exchange of materials and charge . Tight junctions are typically found in the intestine , , or bladder . In these junctions , the plasma membranes of two cells look as if they are stitched or fused together . These junctions completely seal off the intercellular space making it impermeable . Another name for tight junctions is zonula occludens . These junctions regulate the concentration of ions between the exterior and the space .