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BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

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BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

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6º primaria history sociology Âge recommandé: 11 ans
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BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

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1

Political Social parliamentary king conditions

Alfonso XIII became after the death of his father Alfonso XII . During his reign , Spain remained a monarchy . There were serious conflicts
conflicts There were constant conflicts caused by political discontent . Sometimes these conflicts were violent
conflicts There were many strikes . The working class protested against the poverty and harsh working conditions they suffered . They demanded better .

2

suspended powers dictatorship d'état discontent

In 1923 , General Miguel Primo de Rivera led a coup .
The king accepted the coup and Primo de Rivera assumed all of state . He established a military .
The Constitution of 1876 was .
Political parties and labour unions were banned .
Freedoms were limited .
By 1930 , the dictator had lost the support of the military and there was great popular . Primo de Rivera resigned .

3

elections constitution second won Constituyentes

The Second Spanish Republic
Municipal were held on the 12th of April 1931 .
The republican parties in the big cities . Due to the results , Alfonso XIII went into exile .
On the 14th of April a republic was proclaimed , the republic in the history of Spain .
In June , the Cortes were chosen . They were in charge of creating a new . It was approved on the 9th of December 1931 .

4

Estatuto women democracy autonomous Catholicism

CONSTITUTION OF 1931
It established a in Spain . It increased rights and freedoms .
For the first time , were given the right to vote .
It separated church and state . was no longer the official religion in Spain .
It allowed the creation of the regions .
In 1932 , the de Autonomía de Cataluña was passed . In 1936 , the Estatuto de Autonomía de País Vasco was passed .

5

A time for modernisation
The Second Spanish Republic was a time of reforms . These helped to modernise Spain and brought it closer to the other countries in Europe .
The living conditions of the lower classes improved . Land was distributed among the poorest peasant families , a minimum wage was established and the working day became shorter .
Women's rights advanced . More women went to university and had jobs as doctors , judges , lawyers , etc . These jobs were banned for women before the Second Republic . Education improved .
Illiteracy declined , thousands of schools and high schools were built , and new libraries were created .

6

Surrealism exceptional composers Picasso poets

The Edad de Plata of Spanish culture
At the beginning of the 20th century , Spanish art , literature and music reached an level . This period is known as the Edad de Plata .
Painting Pablo invented a style called Cubism . In this style , reality was split into planes and represented using different geometrical shapes . Joan Miró , Salvador Dalí and Maruja Mallo were surrealist artists . is a style that tried to represent dreams .
Literature and music Federico García Lorca , Rafael Alberti and Carmen Conde were important of the Generación del 27 . Manuel de Falla and Joaquín Turina were excellent .