Jazz
is
a
music
that
originated
in
the
African
-
American
communities
of
New
,
Louisiana
,
in
the
late
19th
and
early
20th
,
with
its
roots
in
and
ragtime
.
Since
the
1920s
Jazz
Age
,
it
has
been
recognized
as
a
major
form
of
musical
expression
in
and
popular
music
.
Jazz
is
characterized
by
swing
and
blue
notes
,
complex
,
call
and
response
vocals
,
polyrhythms
and
.
As
jazz
spread
around
the
world
,
it
drew
on
national
,
regional
,
and
local
musical
,
which
gave
rise
to
different
styles
.
New
Orleans
jazz
began
in
the
1910s
,
combining
earlier
brass
band
marches
,
French
quadrilles
,
biguine
,
ragtime
and
blues
with
collective
polyphonic
improvisation
.
But
jazz
did
not
begin
as
a
single
musical
tradition
in
New
Orleans
or
elsewhere
.
In
the
1930s
,
arranged
dance
-
oriented
swing
big
,
Kansas
City
jazz
(
a
hard
-
swinging
,
bluesy
,
improvisational
style
)
,
and
gypsy
jazz
(
a
style
that
emphasized
musette
waltzes
)
were
the
prominent
styles
.
Bebop
emerged
in
the
1940s
,
shifting
jazz
from
popular
music
toward
a
more
challenging
"
musician's
music
"
which
was
played
at
tempos
and
used
more
chord
-
based
improvisation
.
Cool
jazz
developed
near
the
of
the
1940s
,
introducing
,
smoother
sounds
and
long
,
linear
melodic
lines
.
The
mid
-
1950s
saw
the
emergence
of
hard
bop
,
which
introduced
from
rhythm
and
blues
,
gospel
,
and
blues
to
small
groups
and
particularly
to
and
piano
.
Modal
jazz
developed
in
the
late
1950s
,
using
the
mode
,
or
musical
,
as
the
basis
of
musical
structure
and
improvisation
,
as
did
free
jazz
,
which
explored
playing
without
meter
,
beat
and
formal
structures
.
Jazz
-
rock
fusion
appeared
in
the
late
1960s
and
early
1970s
,
combining
jazz
improvisation
with
music's
rhythms
,
electric
instruments
,
and
highly
amplified
stage
sound
.
In
the
early
1980s
,
a
commercial
form
of
jazz
fusion
called
smooth
jazz
became
successful
,
garnering
significant
radio
airplay
.
Other
styles
and
genres
abound
in
the
21st
century
,
such
as
and
Afro
-
Cuban
jazz
.