Relier Pairs Encoding MemoriesVersion en ligne What is human Memory par Wendy Kennedy 1 Implicit Memory 2 Echoic Memory 3 Mnemonics 4 Explicit Memories 5 Testing Effect 6 Automatic Processing 7 Deep Processing 8 Shallow Processing 9 Iconic Memory 10 Effortful Processing 11 Chunking 12 Spacing Effect Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort. The tendency to distribute study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through mass study and practice. Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices. Retention of learned skills (riding a bike) or classically conditioned associations (fear of dogs) independent of conscious recollection (also called non-declarative memory) A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 to 4 seconds. Enhanced memory after retrieving , rather than simply rereading information. Retention of facts and experiences that we can consciously know and "declare" (also called declarative memories) Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically. Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time and frequency, and of well learned information such as word meaning. A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second. Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield best retntion. Encoding on a basic level, based on the structure or appearance of words.
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