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How did Islam expand?

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Tema 2 Historia

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history
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islam
 Âge recommandé: 13 ans
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Raquel Martin
Raquel Martin
Spain

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How did Islam expand?

Tema 2 Historia

Raquel Martin
1

Caliphate ideas Damascus 8th Andalus translators Shia Muhammad's cities Islam Islamisation language Islamic Abbasid Baghdad Turks Umayyad 750 Constantinople Sunnis

After the conquest of the Arabian Peninsula by Muhammad and his followers , a great empire expanded from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic . As part of this expansion , the Muslims crossed the Strait of Gibraltar to the Iberian Peninsula , conquering most of the region by the early century . This territory was called Al - and became part of the Islamic Empire .


A ) The expansion and organisation of Islam

- By the time of death in 632 , most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to . The Muslims took advantage of their weak neighbouring empires through military expansion , conquering much of the Middle East , North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula .
- The Islamic Empire was initially ruled from by the dynasty .
- In , the dynasty defeated the Umayyads and took over the ( 750 - 1258 ) , moving the capital to .
- During this period , some provinces , such as Al - Andalus , Egypt and Morocco , separated from the central power . The then took over the Islamic Empire in 1258 , eventually conquering in 1453 .
- Soon after the establishment of Islam , it divided into two groups : the ( who believed the caliph should be a direct descendent of Muhammad ) and the ( who thought the caliph should be chosen from the most devout believers ) .

B ) Cultural and economic splendour

- Arabic became the official of the Islamic Empire . Although other religions were tolerated , Muslims enjoyed economic and social benefits . This favoured the of most of the population .
- New emerged ( Samarkand , Cairo , Kairouan , Córdoba , etc . ) , which became religious , political , economic and cultural centres .
- Schools , libraries and centres for were created , and across the Arab world was preserved and developed . In this way , many from the Middle East and Asia arrived in the west for the first time .

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