Relier Pairs Geology, Climate, HydrologyVersion en ligne geology, climate, hydrology par Laurie Hamilton 1 2 3 4 5 6 During the ice age Alberta was covered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet and the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. In the cretaceous period, what is now Alberta was covered by a seaway joining the Arctic Ocean with the Gulf of Mexico. Soil supplies nutrients to plant roots, in turn plant roots can break up the soil clumps. The geologic cycle, which shows magma forming igneous rocks that are transformed into sedimentary rocks that turn into metamorphic rocks that then melt into magma. Organic rocks are formed by a build up of organic matter and subjected to heat and pressure over time. The main rivers in Alberta start in the west from the Rocky Mountains and generally flow towards the east.