Test: Examen 2 psico


Examen 2 psicoVersion en ligne this is the second part of the psych exam. It has 38 questions all a.b and c choices par Silvia Muñoz 1 A type of formal reasoning that involves four parts, with the relation of the last two parts being the same as the relation of the first two parts is called: a An analogy b Deductive reasoning c Critical thinking 2 All of the following questions reflect a cognitive information processing approach, except which one? a How do children get information into memory, store it, and retrieve it? b How can teachers help children improve their memory and study strategies? c How do environmental factors influence the age at which a child learns to crawl? 3 Among the basic assumptions of the multiple intelligence theory are: a Most people can develop any of the intelligences to an appropriate level. b The intelligences are dependen ton each other, as intelectual abilities depend on the intelectual quotient of each person. c The intelligences are a bio-psychological potential that is manifested in the same way in different cultures. 4 Among the techniques to foster creativity are: a Creative analogies b Role play c Both a and b are correct 5 An individual who takes a constructivist approach to teaching would likely encourage students to do which of the following? a Solve math problems b Collaborate with others c Memorize information 6 Within the Big Five model of personality, which factor represents persons who intellectually curious, open to experience, interested in cultural pursuits, sensitive to beauty (in its high scores) and persons who are conventional thinkers, straightforward, regard art/science (in its lower scores): a Rogers b Denial c Openess 7 Educational psychology aims to study: a The process of behavioural changes induced by the teaching-learning situation. b The study of human behaviour in the school. c The strategies that favour an efficient relation with the student and the family 8 Every half hour or so (about each 15 or 45 minutes), a teacher compliments a certain student for staying in his seat and working quietly, unless the student fails to do so. This teacher is using which of the following schedules or reinforcement? a Fixed-interval. b Variable-interval. c Variable-ratio. 9 Experts do all the following EXCEPT a Approach new situations with the same strategies. b Retrieve key aspects of their knowledge with little effort. c Acquire extensive knowledge that is organized in a manner that shows a deep understanding of the subject. 10 Howard Gardner does not feel that a single IQ is an accurate indication of an individual’s ability. He identified many different types of intelligences an individual may have. Which of the following is NOT a type of intelligence identified by Gardner? a Logical-mathematical. b Musical c Perceptual 11 If a student has belief perseverance, which of the following would he or she most likely display? a A tendency to search for and use information that supports rather than refutes their ideas. b A tendency to falsely report, after the fact, that he or she accurately predicted an event. c A tendency to hold onto a belief even in the face of contradictory evidence. 12 If you are describing your best friend to another person, you might rattle off a list of qualities to describe that individual. These qualities, or ….. , are the building blocks of what we understand to be an individual’s personality. a Traits b Tendencies c Features 13 Learning strategies are: a Decision-making processes (conscious and intentional), of which the student chooses how to memorize a specific knowledge following a set of previously organized steps given by his/her teacher which are useful to memorize any content. b Learning strategies are sequences of procedures or plans oriented to achieve learning goals, whereas the specific procedures and actions within these sequences are called learning tactics (or techniques). c Both a and b are correct 14 Learning strategies used by the students will: a Depend on which content she/he has to learn. b Promote mainly rote learning c Both a and b are correct 15 Mind maps are: a An instructional technique based on a behaviourism approach b Mind maps show the organizative structure of students’ ideas through the relationships that he/she stablishes among the elements that compose the learning material c Both a and b are correct 16 Mr. Kotter has assigned the students to work cooperatively on a project about the Civil War. He puts the students into the heterogeneous groups of four and gives each group the project guidelines. They are to turn in one project on which they will receive a group grade. He is surprised when some students contribute little to their group’s effort. What is Mr. Kotter doing wrong? a Mr. Kotter did not include any indvidual accountaility in his assessment. b Mr. Kotter should not give the students a group grade. c Mr. Kotter should not have used heterogeneus groups. 17 Mr. Tyrell wants his tenth grade students to learn a list of Spanish verbs and their conjugations by the following week. He tells them to make sure that they memorize the list by the exam day. According to Mr. Tyrell’s instructions, what Learning Strategies are students most likely to use to remember the list of verbs and their conjugations? a Organization b Rehearsal c Elaboration 18 Mrs. Right wants to ensure that her students remember the information she is presenting in class today. Thus, after she is done with the lesson, she begins a question and answer a period in which she asks the students to generate personal examples of the concepts they just learned. What is Mrs. Right using? a Encoding b Elaboration c Retrieval 19 Ms. Martha has stuents ge tinto groups for their next activity. She instructs students to work with the paint provided at each table in order to find out how we get green paint. Ms. Martha is using which learner-centered strategy? a Discovery learning b Guided discovery learning c Problema-based learning 20 Ms. Mott’s ninth grade science class is taught with an emphasis on discovery and hands-on laboratory investigation; thus her students are helped to construct their knowledge. What approach to science teaching is Ms. Mott’s using? a Cognitive approach b Social approach c Constructivist approach 21 Ms. Sanders wants her students to be quiet and ready to learn as soon as posible after coming in from recess. Sometimes the children are so excited that they have difficulty quieting down. To help remind them that it is the time to be quiet and listen, Ms. Sanders flicks the light switch on and off several times. The children immediately quiet and listen to her instructions. According to applied behavioral analysis, what is Ms. Sanders doing when she turns the light son and off? a Prompting b Punishing c Shaping 22 On Fridays, sixth grade students spend one hour with kindergarten children. The older students help the younger children with math or reading work. Which of the following terms best describes this example? a The Jigsaw Classroom b Cross-age peer tutoring c Reciprocal teaching 23 Ronald is very good at being able to think about something in novel and unusual ways and come up with unique solutions to the problema. This means that Ronald is very …… a Good at problema solving b Good at thinking critically c Creative 24 Supporters of learner-centered instruction feel it leads to students’ …… a Active construction of learning b Internal motivation c All of the above 25 Susan is excited about returning to school after summer vacation. Her first day of middle school ended great, and once Susan is at home she begins to recall that day’s events. Susan’s memory of the day’s events is called ... a Chunking b Episodic memory c Semantic memory 26 Swen is not excited about having to read another Shakespearean play. He has already read two of Shakespeare’s plays and he concluded from reading those two plays that he dislikes the general nature of Shakespeare’s plays. Swen is engaging in ….. a Inductive reasoning b Deductive reasoning c Decision making 27 The “time out” technique consist on: a The retirement of attention to a child’s disruptive behaviour. b The improvement of our behaviour in the classroom. c Take the child away from the educative situation. 28 The elements of a performance contract are: a A promise from the student b Strict discipline c All of the above 29 The first formal test of general intelligence that appeared in 1905 was the: a Binet-Simon scale b Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale c None of the above 30 The Flynn effect suggests that which of the following is true? a Environment influences IQ b Heredity influences IQ c There are discrepancies in average IQ between cultural groups 31 The impact of multiple intelligences theory in Education is that: a The theory constitutes a new Framework to foster individual work but not cooperative learning b School subjects (mathematics, sciences…) are taught through different procedures. c Both a and b are correct 32 The statistical technique of ….. determines the degree of correlation between performances on various tasks to determine the extent to which they reflect particular underlying characteristics. a Predictive validity b Intelligence testing c Factor analysis 33 What is the correct affirmation about “meaningful learning”? a This learning is mechanical, difficult to recall, and doesn’t serve to learn new information, since there isn’t any organization or differentiation or prrevious concepts. b It is a process of relating and anchoring new material to relevant established entities in cognitive structure. c It has negative consequences for acquisition of organized knowledge that facilitates new learning and creative problem solving. 34 Which of the following descriptions of students reveals the greatest level of “analytical” intelligence, as proposed by Sternberg? a Mika is a champion tennis player b Anna won the science fair for designing an irrigation system c Kara earned a perfect score on her midterm history exam 35 Which of the following is NOT an example of transfer? a Maria reads a novel written in the eighteenth century and uses the information she gleans about marriage customs to answer a question in history class b Frank studies hard and learns an algorithm in math class c Emma learns to use a dictionary in language-arts class and uses it to look up a social studies term 36 Which of the following is the best example of classical conditioning? a Harold gets hungry each morning about one half hour before lunchtime. b Susan likes to chew gum during class because it helps her to relax. c Isaac cries when he arrives at the doctor’s office because he usually gets shots near the end of each visit. 37 Which of the following personality traits is not contained in the five-factor model? a Extraversion/introversión b Conscientiouness/undirectedness c Altruism/selfishness 38 Which of the following scenarios presents the best example of prototype matching? a Tyler is deciding whether an ítem is a member of a category by comparing it with the most typical item(s) of the category. b Brianna is naming all of the non-examples of a concept. c Jana is listening to the teacher lista ll of the defining features of a concept. 39 Within the study of emotional intelligence, the mixed models: a Are focused on the study of abilities to process deficient emotional information. b They combine mental ability with characteristics of personality such as optimism and psychological well-being as part of emotional intelligence. c Both a and b are false. 40 According to Keller Plan, what children have to proof to advance to the next unit is: a Motivation b Mastery c Memory 41 For Piaget: a Learning depends on the child's level of teaching b Learning is produced through a process of assimilation and accommodation c Learning has to occur first in order to facilitate the child's development 42 What type of condition does Watson use in his experiments? a Operant conditioning b Classical conditioning c Neither 43 The "insight " is an aspect of: a Analytical intelligence b Creative intelligence c Practical intelligence 44 According to Stenvberg's pov: a All task that students may face or develop are purely analytic, creative or practical b Students will usually face or develop tasks which require some combination between the three forms of intelligence (analytical, creative and practical) c All false 45 Students with high practical intelligence: a Are successful managers due to their social skills and common sense b Often are in the top rung of the class c They never do well outside the classroom's walls d

1

A type of formal reasoning that involves four parts, with the relation of the last two parts being the same as the relation of the first two parts is called:

a

An analogy

b

Deductive reasoning

c

Critical thinking

2

All of the following questions reflect a cognitive information processing approach, except which one?

a

How do children get information into memory, store it, and retrieve it?

b

How can teachers help children improve their memory and study strategies?

c

How do environmental factors influence the age at which a child learns to crawl?

3

Among the basic assumptions of the multiple intelligence theory are:

a

Most people can develop any of the intelligences to an appropriate level.

b

The intelligences are dependen ton each other, as intelectual abilities depend on the intelectual quotient of each person.

c

The intelligences are a bio-psychological potential that is manifested in the same way in different cultures.

4

Among the techniques to foster creativity are:

a

Creative analogies

b

Role play

c

Both a and b are correct

5

An individual who takes a constructivist approach to teaching would likely encourage students to do which of the following?

a

Solve math problems

b

Collaborate with others

c

Memorize information

6

Within the Big Five model of personality, which factor represents persons who intellectually curious, open to experience, interested in cultural pursuits, sensitive to beauty (in its high scores) and persons who are conventional thinkers, straightforward, regard art/science (in its lower scores):

a

Rogers

b

Denial

c

Openess

7

Educational psychology aims to study:

a

The process of behavioural changes induced by the teaching-learning situation.

b

The study of human behaviour in the school.

c

The strategies that favour an efficient relation with the student and the family

8

Every half hour or so (about each 15 or 45 minutes), a teacher compliments a certain student for staying in his seat and working quietly, unless the student fails to do so. This teacher is using which of the following schedules or reinforcement?

a

Fixed-interval.

b

Variable-interval.

c

Variable-ratio.

9

Experts do all the following EXCEPT

a

Approach new situations with the same strategies.

b

Retrieve key aspects of their knowledge with little effort.

c

Acquire extensive knowledge that is organized in a manner that shows a deep understanding of the subject.

10

Howard Gardner does not feel that a single IQ is an accurate indication of an individual’s ability. He identified many different types of intelligences an individual may have. Which of the following is NOT a type of intelligence identified by Gardner?

a

Logical-mathematical.

b

Musical

c

Perceptual

11

If a student has belief perseverance, which of the following would he or she most likely display?

a

A tendency to search for and use information that supports rather than refutes their ideas.

b

A tendency to falsely report, after the fact, that he or she accurately predicted an event.

c

A tendency to hold onto a belief even in the face of contradictory evidence.

12

If you are describing your best friend to another person, you might rattle off a list of qualities to describe that individual. These qualities, or ….. , are the building blocks of what we understand to be an individual’s personality.

a

Traits

b

Tendencies

c

Features

13

Learning strategies are:

a

Decision-making processes (conscious and intentional), of which the student chooses how to memorize a specific knowledge following a set of previously organized steps given by his/her teacher which are useful to memorize any content.

b

Learning strategies are sequences of procedures or plans oriented to achieve learning goals, whereas the specific procedures and actions within these sequences are called learning tactics (or techniques).

c

Both a and b are correct

14

Learning strategies used by the students will:

a

Depend on which content she/he has to learn.

b

Promote mainly rote learning

c

Both a and b are correct

15

Mind maps are:

a

An instructional technique based on a behaviourism approach

b

Mind maps show the organizative structure of students’ ideas through the relationships that he/she stablishes among the elements that compose the learning material

c

Both a and b are correct

16

Mr. Kotter has assigned the students to work cooperatively on a project about the Civil War. He puts the students into the heterogeneous groups of four and gives each group the project guidelines. They are to turn in one project on which they will receive a group grade. He is surprised when some students contribute little to their group’s effort. What is Mr. Kotter doing wrong?

a

Mr. Kotter did not include any indvidual accountaility in his assessment.

b

Mr. Kotter should not give the students a group grade.

c

Mr. Kotter should not have used heterogeneus groups.

17

Mr. Tyrell wants his tenth grade students to learn a list of Spanish verbs and their conjugations by the following week. He tells them to make sure that they memorize the list by the exam day. According to Mr. Tyrell’s instructions, what Learning Strategies are students most likely to use to remember the list of verbs and their conjugations?

a

Organization

b

Rehearsal

c

Elaboration

18

Mrs. Right wants to ensure that her students remember the information she is presenting in class today. Thus, after she is done with the lesson, she begins a question and answer a period in which she asks the students to generate personal examples of the concepts they just learned. What is Mrs. Right using?

a

Encoding

b

Elaboration

c

Retrieval

19

Ms. Martha has stuents ge tinto groups for their next activity. She instructs students to work with the paint provided at each table in order to find out how we get green paint. Ms. Martha is using which learner-centered strategy?

a

Discovery learning

b

Guided discovery learning

c

Problema-based learning

20

Ms. Mott’s ninth grade science class is taught with an emphasis on discovery and hands-on laboratory investigation; thus her students are helped to construct their knowledge. What approach to science teaching is Ms. Mott’s using?

a

Cognitive approach

b

Social approach

c

Constructivist approach

21

Ms. Sanders wants her students to be quiet and ready to learn as soon as posible after coming in from recess. Sometimes the children are so excited that they have difficulty quieting down. To help remind them that it is the time to be quiet and listen, Ms. Sanders flicks the light switch on and off several times. The children immediately quiet and listen to her instructions. According to applied behavioral analysis, what is Ms. Sanders doing when she turns the light son and off?

a

Prompting

b

Punishing

c

Shaping

22

On Fridays, sixth grade students spend one hour with kindergarten children. The older students help the younger children with math or reading work. Which of the following terms best describes this example?

a

The Jigsaw Classroom

b

Cross-age peer tutoring

c

Reciprocal teaching

23

Ronald is very good at being able to think about something in novel and unusual ways and come up with unique solutions to the problema. This means that Ronald is very ……

a

Good at problema solving

b

Good at thinking critically

c

Creative

24

Supporters of learner-centered instruction feel it leads to students’ ……

a

Active construction of learning

b

Internal motivation

c

All of the above

25

Susan is excited about returning to school after summer vacation. Her first day of middle school ended great, and once Susan is at home she begins to recall that day’s events. Susan’s memory of the day’s events is called ...

a

Chunking

b

Episodic memory

c

Semantic memory

26

Swen is not excited about having to read another Shakespearean play. He has already read two of Shakespeare’s plays and he concluded from reading those two plays that he dislikes the general nature of Shakespeare’s plays. Swen is engaging in …..

a

Inductive reasoning

b

Deductive reasoning

c

Decision making

27

The “time out” technique consist on:

a

The retirement of attention to a child’s disruptive behaviour.

b

The improvement of our behaviour in the classroom.

c

Take the child away from the educative situation.

28

The elements of a performance contract are:

a

A promise from the student

b

Strict discipline

c

All of the above

29

The first formal test of general intelligence that appeared in 1905 was the:

a

Binet-Simon scale

b

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

c

None of the above

30

The Flynn effect suggests that which of the following is true?

a

Environment influences IQ

b

Heredity influences IQ

c

There are discrepancies in average IQ between cultural groups

31

The impact of multiple intelligences theory in Education is that:

a

The theory constitutes a new Framework to foster individual work but not cooperative learning

b

School subjects (mathematics, sciences…) are taught through different procedures.

c

Both a and b are correct

32

The statistical technique of ….. determines the degree of correlation between performances on various tasks to determine the extent to which they reflect particular underlying characteristics.

a

Predictive validity

b

Intelligence testing

c

Factor analysis

33

What is the correct affirmation about “meaningful learning”?

a

This learning is mechanical, difficult to recall, and doesn’t serve to learn new information, since there isn’t any organization or differentiation or prrevious concepts.

b

It is a process of relating and anchoring new material to relevant established entities in cognitive structure.

c

It has negative consequences for acquisition of organized knowledge that facilitates new learning and creative problem solving.

34

Which of the following descriptions of students reveals the greatest level of “analytical” intelligence, as proposed by Sternberg?

a

Mika is a champion tennis player

b

Anna won the science fair for designing an irrigation system

c

Kara earned a perfect score on her midterm history exam

35

Which of the following is NOT an example of transfer?

a

Maria reads a novel written in the eighteenth century and uses the information she gleans about marriage customs to answer a question in history class

b

Frank studies hard and learns an algorithm in math class

c

Emma learns to use a dictionary in language-arts class and uses it to look up a social studies term

36

Which of the following is the best example of classical conditioning?

a

Harold gets hungry each morning about one half hour before lunchtime.

b

Susan likes to chew gum during class because it helps her to relax.

c

Isaac cries when he arrives at the doctor’s office because he usually gets shots near the end of each visit.

37

Which of the following personality traits is not contained in the five-factor model?

a

Extraversion/introversión

b

Conscientiouness/undirectedness

c

Altruism/selfishness

38

Which of the following scenarios presents the best example of prototype matching?

a

Tyler is deciding whether an ítem is a member of a category by comparing it with the most typical item(s) of the category.

b

Brianna is naming all of the non-examples of a concept.

c

Jana is listening to the teacher lista ll of the defining features of a concept.

39

Within the study of emotional intelligence, the mixed models:

a

Are focused on the study of abilities to process deficient emotional information.

b

They combine mental ability with characteristics of personality such as optimism and psychological well-being as part of emotional intelligence.

c

Both a and b are false.

40

According to Keller Plan, what children have to proof to advance to the next unit is:

a

Motivation

b

Mastery

c

Memory

41

For Piaget:

a

Learning depends on the child's level of teaching

b

Learning is produced through a process of assimilation and accommodation

c

Learning has to occur first in order to facilitate the child's development

42

What type of condition does Watson use in his experiments?

a

Operant conditioning

b

Classical conditioning

c

Neither

43

The "insight " is an aspect of:

a

Analytical intelligence

b

Creative intelligence

c

Practical intelligence

44

According to Stenvberg's pov:

a

All task that students may face or develop are purely analytic, creative or practical

b

Students will usually face or develop tasks which require some combination between the three forms of intelligence (analytical, creative and practical)

c

All false

45

Students with high practical intelligence:

a

Are successful managers due to their social skills and common sense

b

Often are in the top rung of the class

c

They never do well outside the classroom's walls

d

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