Compléter
Fill in the Blanks: Authoritarianism and DictatorshipVersion en ligne
Global History III, Unit 3
1
democracy
power
Hitler
Weimar
legitimacy
communist
Yugoslavia
military
Germany
franchise
support
Republic
seats
appointed
Adolf
fascist
Josip
Broz
democracies
democratic
Argentina
elite
1933
Democracy
and
authoritarianism
are
not
entirely
separate
categories
.
Some
regimes
used
democratic
elections
to
come
to
or
legitimize
their
rule
.
One
example
is
,
who
was
Chancellor
of
Germany
in
after
his
party
gained
significant
in
democratic
elections
.
His
rise
to
power
demonstrates
how
systems
can
be
exploited
by
authoritarian
figures
.
Similarly
,
regimes
often
rose
with
massive
popular
,
challenging
the
narrative
that
they
lacked
.
During
WWII
,
Tito
led
the
Yugoslav
Partisans
,
one
of
the
most
effective
resistance
movements
,
and
later
enjoyed
vast
support
in
his
rule
over
.
Latin
America
oscillated
between
liberal
and
dictatorships
.
In
,
a
1930
coup
supported
by
the
Argentine
Patriotic
League
overthrew
President
Hipólito
Yrigoyen
.
Despite
the
rise
of
dictators
,
in
1914
had
a
male
,
and
the
initially
functioned
as
a
vibrant
before
collapsing
due
to
extremism
and
economic
crisis
.
2
political
economic
opposites
Hitler
Leftist
Stalin
repression
totalitarian
right
private
violence
fascist
private
capitalism
communist
similarities
social
Mussolini
Historians
debate
whether
and
regimes
were
fundamentally
different
or
shared
key
similarities
.
scholars
argue
that
fascist
regimes
,
such
as
those
led
by
and
,
supported
property
and
,
whereas
communist
regimes
like
abolished
ownership
.
This
perspective
sees
fascism
and
communism
as
.
Conversely
,
-
leaning
scholars
focus
on
their
,
arguing
that
both
fascists
and
communists
relied
on
extreme
and
to
maintain
control
,
making
them
forms
of
regimes
.
A
balanced
view
acknowledges
that
while
fascist
and
communist
regimes
had
ideological
differences
,
they
emerged
from
the
same
,
,
and
crises
of
the
early
20th
century
.
3
3
dissent
Massacre
control
Europe
Empire
Dyer
British
Amritsar
violence
colonial
Bengal
Churchill
Reginald
Punjab
Authoritarianism
was
not
limited
to
.
Late
colonial
regimes
,
such
as
the
in
India
,
were
deeply
authoritarian
,
using
to
suppress
.
A
key
example
is
the
(
1919
)
in
,
where
British
troops
,
under
,
fired
on
a
peaceful
crowd
,
killing
over
1
,
000
people
.
This
event
exemplifies
how
regimes
used
violence
to
maintain
.
In
(
1943
)
,
policies
under
?
s
British
government
caused
a
famine
,
resulting
in
the
deaths
of
around
million
people
.
4
Stalin
savior
historical
public
propaganda
Nuremberg
parades
monuments
visionary
symbols
Minh
radio
events
uniforms
Nations
cult
glorified
crafted
Chi
mythical
cinema
humble
Father
of
Mussolini
mass
fasces
Ho
photography
subdued
media
propaganda
spectacle
militaristic
Authoritarian
leaders
carefully
their
image
through
,
imagery
,
and
public
.
linked
his
rule
to
the
Roman
Empire
through
symbols
such
as
the
.
His
regime
emphasized
imagery
,
large
-
scale
,
and
grand
speeches
that
the
state
and
projected
him
as
the
of
Italy
.
His
use
of
,
architecture
,
and
further
reinforced
his
authoritative
image
.
Hitler
cultivated
the
"
of
the
Führer
"
with
massive
rallies
like
those
in
.
These
rallies
were
carefully
orchestrated
,
using
,
,
and
choreographed
displays
to
create
an
atmosphere
of
unity
,
strength
,
and
devotion
to
the
Nazi
regime
.
and
relied
on
more
imagery
but
still
developed
personality
cults
through
.
Stalin
was
often
depicted
as
the
"
,
"
a
wise
and
paternal
figure
guiding
the
Soviet
Union
towards
a
prosperous
future
,
while
Ho
Chi
Minh
was
shown
as
a
yet
leader
who
embodied
national
liberation
.
Performativity
in
authoritarian
regimes
extended
beyond
leaders
to
spaces
,
where
,
statues
,
and
reinforced
their
ideology
.
The
staging
of
,
the
controlled
use
of
and
cinema
,
and
the
deliberate
association
of
leaders
with
or
figures
helped
sustain
their
rule
.
5
guiding
Life
Hitler
Hindu
Youth
military
devotion
shek
continuity
physical
transmission
youth
brotherhood
Young
sacrifice
Confucian
Movement
authoritarian
Chiang
shaping
de
women
motherhood
Blue
gender
RSS
New
political
Kai
European
nationalist
purity
paramilitary
communist
men
loyalty
instrumental
collectivist
discipline
conservative
ideological
Juventudes
Pioneers
Frente
Shirts
warriors
Authoritarian
regimes
placed
immense
importance
on
indoctrination
,
recognizing
that
the
younger
generation
would
ensure
long
-
term
ideological
and
unwavering
to
the
regime
.
(
Germany
)
:
Established
to
prepare
young
Germans
for
service
and
commitment
to
Nazi
principles
.
Members
underwent
training
,
education
,
and
drills
.
(
Spain
)
:
The
youth
wing
of
Francoist
Spain
,
which
promoted
Catholic
values
,
,
and
to
the
Spanish
state
.
(
Soviet
Union
)
:
Soviet
youth
were
taught
ideology
,
engaged
in
activities
,
and
were
encouraged
to
see
Stalin
as
their
figure
.
and
(
China
)
:
Led
by
-
,
these
organizations
sought
to
instill
and
ideals
while
suppressing
communist
influence
.
Rashtriya
Swayamsevak
Sangh
(
)
(
India
)
:
Inspired
by
fascist
youth
movements
,
the
RSS
promoted
nationalism
,
military
-
style
discipline
,
and
ideological
.
These
youth
organizations
created
a
sense
of
,
hierarchy
,
and
among
young
people
.
They
were
in
spreading
propaganda
,
reinforcing
values
,
and
ensuring
the
future
of
the
regime
?
s
ideology
.
While
young
were
trained
as
and
defenders
of
the
state
,
young
were
largely
indoctrinated
with
traditional
roles
,
often
tasked
with
reinforcing
national
values
through
,
caregiving
,
and
cultural
.
6
1921
Pahlavi
identity
1930s
Dynasty
Nationalism
Hashemite
clergy
Atatürk
nationalism
British
Ottoman
Alliance
modernized
military
secularized
Modernization
Shah
railways
I
tribal
Britain
1921
Qajar
civil
1920s
Secularism
1930s
1919
Farouk
1920s
centralized
Reza
1923
military
European
king
Kemal
1930s
Latin
1936
secularism
landowners
political
Mustafa
Colonialism
Republic
a
.
Turkey
under
(
)
Atatürk
abolished
the
Sultanate
and
established
the
of
Turkey
.
His
reforms
and
the
state
,
including
replacing
Islamic
law
(
Sharia
)
with
secular
codes
.
He
also
introduced
the
alphabet
to
replace
the
Arabic
script
.
The
state
ideology
was
based
on
secularism
,
,
and
Turkish
.
b
.
Iran
under
(
-
)
Reza
Shah
came
to
power
in
,
overthrowing
the
dynasty
.
He
authority
,
curbed
leader
power
,
and
implemented
modernization
projects
like
roads
and
.
His
policies
sought
to
limit
the
influence
of
the
and
promote
.
c
.
Iraq
under
the
(
-
)
Iraq
emerged
as
a
mandate
after
World
War
I
,
and
Faisal
I
was
installed
as
in
.
The
regime
relied
on
a
coalition
of
elites
,
party
organizations
,
and
to
maintain
power
.
d
.
Egypt
under
(
)
Egypt
moved
towards
independence
after
the
revolution
and
the
Anglo
-
Egyptian
Treaty
of
.
The
monarchy
under
King
Farouk
I
maintained
close
ties
with
.
Common
Features
of
Authoritarian
Regimes
-
:
French
and
British
imperial
priorities
influenced
regimes
through
agreements
like
the
Sykes
-
Picot
Agreement
.
-
between
:
Military
officers
,
elites
,
and
landowners
.
-
Rhetoric
of
:
Regimes
implemented
national
school
systems
,
scientific
institutions
,
and
colleges
.
-
and
:
Leaders
like
Atatürk
and
Reza
Shah
promoted
secular
nationalism
to
redefine
national
identity
.
7
defeat
Arab
scapegoats
frustration
Turkish
Nationalist
cycles
Nazi
1919
Imperial
coups
massacre
Latin
Military
humiliation
economic
Semitism
Anti
genocide
violence
1948
Colonial
Catholic
secular
War
Ideology
social
a
.
:
Leaders
capitalized
on
feelings
of
and
,
as
seen
in
Germany
with
the
regime
after
World
War
I
.
In
Spain
,
Franco
?
s
regime
tied
itself
to
a
conservative
,
identity
.
In
Turkey
,
Atatürk
?
s
vision
promoted
a
,
modern
identity
.
b
.
-
:
Nazi
Germany
used
Jews
as
for
the
country
?
s
and
economic
challenges
,
leading
to
.
In
the
world
,
antisemitism
spread
after
the
Arab
-
Israeli
war
of
,
under
leaders
like
the
Assads
in
Syria
,
Gaddafi
in
Libya
,
and
Saddam
Hussein
in
Iraq
.
c
.
and
Conflict
:
The
devastation
of
World
War
I
led
to
and
instability
,
which
authoritarian
leaders
used
to
rise
to
power
.
In
America
,
military
replaced
civilian
governments
,
creating
of
authoritarian
rule
.
d
.
and
Influences
:
Colonial
regimes
used
and
repression
,
exemplified
by
the
Jallianwala
Bagh
in
India
in
.
8
fear
Roles
mothers
spreading
Repression
Organizations
Opposition
Centralized
Women
of
Cult
Personality
Youth
of
Propaganda
patriotic
Power
a
.
:
Leaders
concentrated
power
in
their
hands
,
often
dismantling
democratic
institutions
.
b
.
:
Leaders
like
Hitler
and
Mussolini
used
propaganda
to
legitimize
their
rule
.
c
.
:
Methods
like
secret
police
,
censorship
,
and
purges
were
used
to
eliminate
dissent
.
d
.
:
Leaders
such
as
Mussolini
,
Hitler
,
and
Stalin
created
a
cult
of
personality
to
foster
loyalty
and
.
e
.
:
Movements
like
the
Hitler
Youth
in
Germany
and
the
Young
Pioneers
in
the
Soviet
Union
were
central
to
authoritarian
ideologies
.
f
.
?
s
:
In
regimes
like
Nazi
Germany
,
women
were
glorified
as
of
the
Aryan
race
,
while
in
fascist
Italy
,
motherhood
was
a
duty
.
|
Créer jeu