Relier Pairs Systematics MatchingVersion en ligne Exam 1 definitions systematics par Emma Fuller 1 taxonomy 2 biodiversity 3 cladistics 4 systematics 5 phylogeny 6 evolutionary 7 competing philosophies 8 classification Study of diversification and relationships number of species, genre, etc evolutionary history different schools of thought that promote different theories, principles, or methods All taxa should be clades, monophyletic AND holophyletic Taxa should share recent common ancestry AND morphological similarity, may generate some paraphyletic taxa Assigning organisms to hierarchical groups the naming of groups of organisms 1 analogous 2 grade 3 homologous 4 plesiomorphic 5 synapomorphic 6 symplesiomorphic 7 holophyletic 8 paraphyletic 9 homoplasy 10 monophyletic 11 polyphyletic 12 clade 13 autapomorphic 14 apomorphic An unshared, derived characteristic A lineage with a single common ancestor Similar due to common function, not based on shared common ancestry A derived characteristic A lineage of organisms that is derived from a single common ancestor and contains ALL descendants A shared, ancestral characteristic shared, derived characteristic Similar based on shared common ancestry An ancestral characteristic A lineage including all descendants of a single common ancestor A group of organisms that shares similarity but not by shared common ancestry or excluding some descendants A lineage or trait found in independent lineages An analogous trait or character, such as skin flaps for gliding A lineage including some but not all descendants of a single common ancestor 1 phylogram 2 DKPCOFGS 3 convergent evolution 4 bradytely 5 tachytely 6 horotely 7 cladogram 8 dendrogram 9 parallel evolution a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species The evolution of homologous characteristics into new forms/phenotypes in the same clade. “Descent with modification” Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between species, and is also known as a phylogenetic tree. evolution at a relatively rapid rate tending to result in speedy differentiation and fixation of new types a branching diagram that shows how similar a group of things are to each other a biological term that describes a normal or average rate of evolution for a group of plants or animals The evolution of analogous characteristics in distantly related clades evolution that is very slow or has stopped
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