Relier Pairs Systematics MatchingVersion en ligne Exam 1 definitions systematics par Emma Fuller 1 evolutionary 2 taxonomy 3 biodiversity 4 competing philosophies 5 phylogeny 6 classification 7 cladistics 8 systematics number of species, genre, etc All taxa should be clades, monophyletic AND holophyletic Taxa should share recent common ancestry AND morphological similarity, may generate some paraphyletic taxa Study of diversification and relationships the naming of groups of organisms evolutionary history Assigning organisms to hierarchical groups different schools of thought that promote different theories, principles, or methods 1 apomorphic 2 analogous 3 homologous 4 homoplasy 5 monophyletic 6 polyphyletic 7 plesiomorphic 8 grade 9 synapomorphic 10 paraphyletic 11 clade 12 symplesiomorphic 13 autapomorphic 14 holophyletic A shared, ancestral characteristic An unshared, derived characteristic A lineage of organisms that is derived from a single common ancestor and contains ALL descendants A lineage including all descendants of a single common ancestor A lineage including some but not all descendants of a single common ancestor A lineage with a single common ancestor An ancestral characteristic A lineage or trait found in independent lineages Similar due to common function, not based on shared common ancestry Similar based on shared common ancestry shared, derived characteristic An analogous trait or character, such as skin flaps for gliding A group of organisms that shares similarity but not by shared common ancestry or excluding some descendants A derived characteristic 1 phylogram 2 cladogram 3 convergent evolution 4 bradytely 5 parallel evolution 6 dendrogram 7 tachytely 8 DKPCOFGS 9 horotely a branching diagram that shows how similar a group of things are to each other The evolution of homologous characteristics into new forms/phenotypes in the same clade. “Descent with modification” Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between species, and is also known as a phylogenetic tree. evolution that is very slow or has stopped evolution at a relatively rapid rate tending to result in speedy differentiation and fixation of new types a biological term that describes a normal or average rate of evolution for a group of plants or animals The evolution of analogous characteristics in distantly related clades
