Compléter Replication Mad LibsVersion en ligne Fill in the blank par Laura Rogers 1 phase strands complementary protein RNA ribosome mRNA polymerase functional Transcription strand RNA DNA messenger cytoplasm cell nucleus RNA S DNA replication transfer protein synthesis proteins daughter Translation template polymerase polypeptide is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its , ensuring that each receives a complete set of genetic instructions during cell division . This occurs during the - of the cell cycle and involves enzymes like DNA that unwind the double helix and build based on the original DNA template . is the process by which a segment of DNA is used as a to synthesize , specifically ( mRNA ) . This occurs in the of eukaryotic cells , where RNA reads the DNA and creates an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template . This mRNA carries the genetic code out of the nucleus and into the for . is the process by which the mRNA code is used to assemble a sequence of amino acids into a . This occurs in the , where ( tRNA ) molecules bring specific amino acids to match the codons on the , ultimately producing a chain that folds into a functional protein . Through these processes , the information encoded in DNA is expressed as that carry out a wide range of biological functions .