11-1B Biases and Obstacles to ThinkingVersion en ligne
P.4.9 Discuss the obstacles and strategies involved in problem solving.
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
I
L
M
N
O
P
R
T
U
V
W
Y
Starts with
A
A New York restaurant listed a $69 hotdog in the front of their menu, but not to sell it. They knew customers would be more willing to spend $20 on a burger after seeing a $69 hotdog. The customers were suffering from a (n) _____ bias.
Contains
B
In an experiment, participants are asked to solve a problem by using a ____ ____ in an unfamiliar way. But people are set to use the object in a usual way & they pay attention only to the object’s everyday use.
Starts with
C
You refuse to eat meat because it's a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, you notice all vegetarians who workout & stay fit, while ignoring the vegetarians who are overweight and suffering from physical illness. You suffer from a(n) _____ bias.
Contains
D
The textbook asks us to arrange six matches into four equilateral triangles. Most people have trouble solving this puzzle because they falsely assume that they must stay within a two _____ figure.
Starts with
F
One type of rigidity is functional _____ , where a person fails to imagine new uses for familiar objects.
Contains
G
If the mental set helps you solve problems, the mental set is not harm. However, _____ is harmful. _____ happens when the mental set stops you from solving a problem.
Starts with
H
You dislike all political parties. So every time a political member loses an election, you tell yourself you knew that would happen. Every time one is caught being corrupt, you tell yourself it's inevitable. You suffer from a(n) _____ bias.
Starts with
I
One type of rigidity is trying to solve a problem all at once, or with one single action. Sometimes, a problem cannot be solved without using _____ steps.
Starts with
L
The idea that it’s better not to lose $10, than to find $10, is known as _____ _____ ; Also known as the tendency of people to prefer avoiding losses than acquiring gains.
Starts with
M
A _____ _____ is an effective strategy that becomes fixed in the problem solving process, like a habit, so that you address all problems in a particular way.
Starts with
N
It is possible to overcome rigidity, but the first step is realizing the current strategy is _____ _____ , so you can begin looking for new strategies.
Contains
O
Loss Aversion activates the amygdala (same as seeing a snake or spider), so losing money stimulate the release of ____ such as cortisol and adrenaline, which energizes us so we can avoid getting hurt.
Starts with
P
The purpose of a bias is to _____ that which is already established, or to protect the status quo.
Starts with
R
You hate electric cars and fear losing gasoline engines, so you stereotype all electric cars as either ineffective or dangerous, just so electric cars will fit your schema of "useless vehicle". This is a(n) _____ bias.
Contains
T
Opposed to the scientific method, a bias seeks to _____ our current knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and hypotheses.
Starts with
U
Rigidity does not tend to happen with _____ problems. You tend to see rigidity when you are facing a problem you have seen before.
Contains
V
If you use a personal example of how Mexican food once hurt your stomach, instead of using using research about how Mexican food's impacts stomachs in general, your are guilty of using a(n) _____ heuristic.
Starts with
W
One type of rigidity is trying to solve a problem by using a _____ _____ , such as believing the solution must be two-dimensional instead of three-dimensional.
Contains
Y
The reason loss aversion influences our decisions so much is that loss aversion activates the _____ , which causes the same reaction in our bodies as seeing a spider or snake.
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