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Matter

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Sexto grado - Educación primaria biology Âge recommandé: 10 ans
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PABLO MARTÍNEZ PEÑA
PABLO MARTÍNEZ PEÑA
Spain

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Matter

Fill the gaps

PABLO MARTÍNEZ PEÑA
1

volume solid states Everything gas three liquid matter

Matter is everything that has got mass and ( occupies space ) . It is formed by tiny particles called atoms and can have any shape or colour .

around us is made of . We can find it in different : , and , depending on the behaviour of the atoms that form it .

2

volume

Solids have got a fixed shape and a fixed . This is an example of water in a solid state .

3

changes shape containe

Liquids have got a fixed volume but their depending on the

4

or fill got space expand

Gases haven ? t a fixed volume a fixed shape . They to all the availabl e

5

volume mass characteristics compare measure

Matter has got different properties . Properties are the that we use to and matter . Some of these properties are general to all matter . These are and .

6

same grams Mass matter weight amount scales not gravity Weight measured object Mass impact

Mass is the total of that an has got . It is in or kilograms and we use to measure it . is the as .
? is the amount of matter that something contains and it does not change .

? is the result of the of on something , so it changes depending on its location .

7

measuring cubic flasks measured centimetres space

Volume is the amount of that something takes up . It can be in ( cm3 ) or millilitres ( mL ) . We measure the volume of matter using beakers or .

8

colour not differentiate elasticity hardness density properties

The specific of matter are the characteristics that one type of matter from another . They include , , , malleability and . These characteristics do change because they are specific to each substance .

9

volume mass atoms low tight

Density is the relationship between the and the of an object . If the are packed together , the object has got a high density . If the atoms are packed loosely , the object has got a density .

10

original

Elasticity is the capacity of a material to return to its shape when it is deformed . Some materials break when we try to deform them . Other do not change shape .

11

scratched

Hardness refers to how resistant a material is to being . It can be confused with malleability , which is the ability to deform under pressure without cracking or breaking . Metal , for example , is hard but it is also malleable .

12

Colour is also a specific property of matter . Depending on what colours an object absorbs and reflects , it has got a particular colour . We need light in order to observe the colour of an object .

13

electrons together charge electrical movement protons magnetic

All the different types of matter in the Universe are made up of atoms . Atoms are the basic particles that form all the matter in the Universe . They are the smallest units of matter that have got all the properties of the element they form .

Atoms are made up of smaller particles that work as a unit . These particles are , and neutrons . They carry an , which causes in the particles . The attraction between positive and negative particles is what holds the atom .

14

easily protons atoms pure electrons Atoms

ach atom has got an atomic number , which is the number of it has got in the nucleus . in the same substance have got an equal number of protons and , so they can be identified . Each kind of atom forms a substance .

Atoms organise to form substances and objects . There are only about 100 types of in the world , but there are millions of different substances because of the different atom combinations . For example , two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule make water .

15

chemical same destroyed physical transformed before

Matter can neither be created nor , it can only be . Matter changes all the time . Changes in matter can be physical or .

A change happens when the matter is the substance both and after the change . Look at this example , the lemon is still a lemon after being cut into slices ; its chemical composition has not changed .

16

substance

A chemical change happens when a new with a different chemical composition results from the change . Look at the example below , burning wood is a chemical change because the result is ash , which is a different substance .

17

position shape state size state same

Physical changes affect the of the substance , but not its properties . The matter in the substance stays the . Examples of physical changes are :

Changes of ( such as water evaporating ) .
Changes of or appearance ( such as cutting or deformation ) .
Changes in ( such as expansion due to heating ) .
Changes in ( caused by movement or force ) .

18

burning different changes

Chemical changes affect the properties of matter so it becomes a substance . Examples of physical changes are :

Combustion ( ) .
Rusting ( when metals change as a result of exposure to oxygen ) .
Photosynthesis ( transformation in plants ) .
Digestion ( transformation in living beings ) .
Fermentation ( using microorganisms ) .

19

mixtures pure one two

Matter can be classified in different ways and one of them is to look at its composition . There are substances and .





Pure substances exist in their basic form and can be extracted from nature . They are made up by only type of matter , such as aluminum .

Mixtures contain at least pure substances , such as steel .

20

same physical cannot Pure

substances are formed from the type of atoms or molecules and their composition that cannot be changed . They exist in their basic form , they be separated into smaller components or substances . They have got their own set of and chemical properties that differentiate them from others . These properties are essential to identify them .



21

substances components mixture two components

Mixtures are a combination of or more pure substances . We call them . The properties of the pure substances are combined .

Sand is a of different substances . A sandcastle is a mixture of sand and sea water that we give shape to using our hands and a bucket .

The properties of a mixture depend on the properties of its . They also depend on the proportion of each of the . In other words , the greater the amount of a pure substance in a mixture , the more similar it will be to the original properties of that pure substance .

22

Heterogeneous Homogeneous mixtures heterogeneous cannot composition

We classify mixtures into mixtures and homogeneous .

mixtures . We can identify the different components with the naked eye . We can separate the components by using different methods . These mixtures haven ? t got a uniform composition . Salt mixed with pepper is a heterogeneous mixture . We can see the different components and separate them .

mixtures . We distinguish the components by looking at them . These mixtures have a uniform . Saltwater is a homogeneous mixture . We cannot see the salt and minerals because they are dissolved .

23

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