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The Second World War

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The Second World War

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The Second World WarVersion en ligne

The Second World War

par JOSÉ MIGUEL RAMÍREZ
1

Czechoslovakia Versailles Nations Saar 1933 Austria Rhineland Ethiopia nations demilitarized Lorraine communism 1935 1939 lebensraum

Germany felt humiliated ; the Treaty of prohibited its rearmament , it lost Alsace and , and Rhineland was ( a border area with France , Belgium , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg ) . Additionally , Germany had to pay large amounts of money to the victorious .
Hitler managed to harness those desires for revenge to come to power ( we'll review this in class again ) . Germany abandoned the League of in and began its expansion across Europe as outlined by the " " or living space . This way , they could obtain raw materials and markets to regain military power . Also , compulsory military service was reinstated .
France and Germany viewed as a more dangerous threat . Their attitude towards Hitler and Mussolini was one of passivity and anti - war sentiment . Meanwhile , Germany expanded its territory :

In , Germans occupied the ( a territory administered by the League of Nations ) , and in 1936 , they remilitarized ( bordering France , Belgium , the Netherlands , and Luxembourg ) .
came under its control in 1938 ( via a plebiscite ) .
The Sudetenland of was incorporated ( 1938 ) where 3 million Germans resided .
Meanwhile , Mussolini annexed ( 1936 ) and Albania ( ) .
Japan abandoned the League of Nations in 1933 and occupied Manchuria and Indochina ( among other territories ) . Their population had grown , and they needed new territories to obtain raw materials .

2

Luftwaffe Britain Britain 3 1940 Wehrmacht Estonia Vichy Belgian Lithuania Denmark Blitzkrieg Belgium Compiègne Dunkirk Italy 28 Poland Churchill

Western Front :
In this first phase , the military superiority of the Axis powers over their enemies became evident . The Germans had an army ( ) based on a powerful air force ( ) and a military tactic that surprised their opponents : the or lightning war . It involved constant bombing and , without delay , attacking with ground forces and tanks . This way , the Germans took the initiative on the western front .

As mentioned earlier , Germany invaded ( citing the attack on a German radio station by Poland as a pretext ) . declared war on Germany on September . France also declared war . Meanwhile , the United States announced its neutrality as it did not want to get involved in European problems .

The Soviet Union , following the pact they had signed with Hitler , invaded the other half of Poland . On September , Warsaw fell , and Germans and Soviets divided the country ( they celebrated a victory parade together ) . Subsequently , in 1940 , Stalin invaded Finland and annexed , Latvia , and ( turning them into Soviet republics ) .

From the spring of 1940 , Germany invaded and Norway ( to control the North Sea and metal factories ) . From this position , they moved on to occupy , Luxembourg , and the Netherlands . Faced with the proximity of the German armies , France decided to concentrate its forces on the border , but they didn't actually have any plan to stop the German advance and their tanks . Germany , in a flanking movement , outflanked the French defenses and then advanced in two directions :

From the south , reaching Paris .
From the north , forcing the French to go towards the coast , leaving British and French military trapped in ( the Miracle of Dunkirk ) ; however , Hitler decided to change course , and British and French soldiers ( around half a million ) could be evacuated to Britain .
On June 10 , declared war on France , and on the 22nd of the same month , France surrendered after signing the Armistice of . From this moment on , France was divided into two zones :
The Germans controlled the center and the Atlantic coast .
The regime in the south . Marshal Pétain led the government ( close to the Nazi regime ) .
For the moment , was the only one not to succumb to Hitler . In May , Winston Churchill was appointed Prime Minister . He rejected Germany's peace offer and decided to continue the war ( having economic support from the United States and its colonies ) . In the Battle of Britain ( from the summer of 1940 to May 1941 ) , the two air forces clashed : the Luftwaffe and the Royal Air Force . instilled the spirit of resistance in the British , and they achieved the first major defeat of Hitler .

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