Froggy Jumps Abdominal Ultrasound QuizVersion en ligne Test your knowledge of abdominal ultrasound anatomy with these questions! par Elaine Nichols 1 Which organ is commonly visualized in the right upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound? a Pancreas b Spleen c Liver 2 What is the normal size of the gallbladder on ultrasound? a More than 15 cm in length b Less than 10 cm in length c Exactly 12 cm in length 3 Which vessel is often used as a landmark for identifying the pancreas on ultrasound? a Portal vein b Inferior vena cava c Aorta 4 What is the normal appearance of the spleen on ultrasound? a Calcifications b Multiple cysts c Homogeneous echotexture 5 Which structure is located posterior to the body of the pancreas? a Aorta b Spleen c Gallbladder 6 What is the normal thickness of the gallbladder wall on ultrasound? a Less than 3 mm b More than 5 mm c Exactly 4 mm 7 Which organ is located in the left upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound? a Spleen b Appendix c Gallbladder 8 What is the normal appearance of the kidneys on ultrasound? a Renal medulla is more echogenic b Renal cortex is hypoechoic c Renal cortex is more echogenic than the renal medulla 9 Which structure is commonly used as a sonographic window to visualize the pancreas? a Stomach b Bladder c Gallbladder 10 What is the normal appearance of the liver on ultrasound? a Hypoechoic compared to the renal cortex b Hyperechoic compared to the renal cortex c Isoechoic compared to the spleen 11 Which of the following is a common anatomic variant of the aorta? a Pulmonary artery dilation b Renal artery stenosis c Aortic arch branching pattern 12 What is the most common location for an aortic coarctation? a Ascending aorta b Descending thoracic aorta c Near the insertion of the ductus arteriosus 13 Which variant is characterized by a right-sided aortic arch with mirror-image branching? a Bovine arch b Coarctation of the aorta c Right aortic arch 14 What is a bovine arch anatomic variant? a Right aortic arch b Triple aortic arch c Common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries 15 Which variant is associated with an abnormal origin of the left subclavian artery? a Aortic aneurysm b Aberrant right subclavian artery c Aortic dissection 16 What is the most common type of aortic arch branching pattern? a Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery b Double aortic arch c Single brachiocephalic artery 17 Which variant is characterized by a common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries? a Right aortic arch b Coarctation of the aorta c Bovine arch 18 What is the term for a congenital narrowing of the aorta? a Aortic aneurysm b Aortic dissection c Coarctation of the aorta 19 Which variant is associated with a dilated aortic root? a Aortic arch aneurysm b Aortic root aneurysm c Aortic valve stenosis 20 What is the term for an abnormal connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery? a Patent ductus arteriosus b Aortic dissection c Aortic coarctation 21 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of two ureters on one kidney? a Horseshoe kidney b Solitary kidney c Duplex kidney 22 What is the term for an anatomic variant where the kidney is located in the pelvis instead of the abdomen? a Fused kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Ectopic kidney 23 Which anatomic variant involves the fusion of the lower poles of both kidneys? a Duplex kidney b Ectopic kidney c Horseshoe kidney 24 What is the term for a kidney with only one functional unit due to the absence of the other? a Duplex kidney b Solitary kidney c Horseshoe kidney 25 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts? a Fused kidney b Polycystic kidney c Horseshoe kidney 26 What is the term for a kidney that is fused together at the lower poles? a Fused kidney b Ectopic kidney c Duplex kidney 27 Which anatomic variant involves the presence of an additional kidney on one side? a Supernumerary kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Solitary kidney 28 What is the term for a kidney that is abnormally small in size? a Duplex kidney b Hypoplastic kidney c Polycystic kidney 29 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the absence of one kidney? a Fused kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Unilateral renal agenesis 30 What is the term for a kidney that is enlarged due to excessive fluid accumulation? a Duplex kidney b Hydronephrotic kidney c Ectopic kidney 31 What is the most common anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava? a Double IVC b Right IVC c Left IVC 32 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with situs inversus? a Double IVC b Right IVC c Left IVC 33 What percentage of the population has an anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava? a 10% b 0.2% c 5% 34 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is often asymptomatic? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 35 What is the embryological origin of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava? a Failure of the vitelline veins to regress b Failure of the cardinal veins to regress c Failure of the subcardinal veins to regress 36 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with renal anomalies? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 37 What imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava? a CT scan b Ultrasound c X-ray 38 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is more common in females? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 39 What is the significance of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava in surgical procedures? a No impact on surgical outcomes b Decreased risk of complications c Increased risk of complications 40 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with azygos continuation? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 41 Which structure is located to the right of the liver on ultrasound? a Pancreas b Spleen c Gallbladder 42 What is the landmark used to identify the caudate lobe of the liver? a Aorta b Portal vein c IVC 43 Which structure is seen anterior to the liver on ultrasound? a Colon b Stomach c Kidney 44 What is the landmark used to identify the right hepatic vein? a IVC b Portal vein c Aorta 45 Which structure is located posterior to the liver on ultrasound? a Spleen b Diaphragm c Kidney 46 What is the landmark used to identify the left hepatic vein? a Aorta b Portal vein c Ligamentum venosum 47 Which structure is seen superior to the liver on ultrasound? a Diaphragm b Spleen c Stomach 48 What is the landmark used to identify the portal vein in the liver? a Main portal vein bifurcation b IVC c Aorta 49 Which structure is located inferior to the liver on ultrasound? a Right kidney b Stomach c Spleen 50 What is the landmark used to identify the left portal vein branch? a Aorta b IVC c Ligamentum teres 51 Which anatomic variant of the spleen is characterized by multiple small accessory spleens? a Splenoids b Splenules c Splenunculi 52 What is the most common anatomic variant of the pancreas? a Pancreas unicus b Pancreas duplex c Pancreas divisum 53 Which anatomic variant of the spleen is a congenital absence of the spleen? a Hypersplenia b Asplenia c Splenoptosis 54 What is the term for an accessory pancreatic lobe located near the spleen? a Lobe of Rokitansky b Lobe of Virchow c Lobe of Langerhans 55 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a bifid appearance? a Pancreas bifidum b Pancreas trifidum c Pancreas quadridum 56 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the tail of the pancreas? a Splenorenal b Lien Renale c Splenopancreatic 57 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a lobulated appearance? a Pancreas nodosum b Pancreas segmentum c Pancreas lobatum 58 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the splenic hilum? a Splenule b Splenoid c Splenunculus 59 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by an accessory pancreatic duct? a Duct of Wirsung b Duct of Santorini c Duct of Luschka 60 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the pancreatic tail? a Splenopancreatic b Lien Accessoire c Splenorenal 61 Which lab value is elevated in aortic dissection? a Bilirubin b Troponin c D-dimer 62 What does an elevated BNP indicate in aortic pathology? a Liver disease b Heart failure c Kidney stones 63 Which lab value can suggest inflammation in the aorta? a Albumin b Hemoglobin c CRP (C-reactive protein) 64 What does an elevated LDH suggest in aortic pathology? a Vitamin deficiency b Tissue damage c Dehydration 65 Which lab value is associated with aortic aneurysm rupture? a Hemoglobin b Thyroid hormone c Uric acid 66 What does an elevated WBC count indicate in aortic pathology? a Infection b Anemia c High blood pressure 67 Which lab value is used to monitor anticoagulant therapy in aortic diseases? a Potassium b Glucose c INR (International Normalized Ratio) 68 What does an elevated troponin level suggest in aortic pathology? a Lung cancer b Myocardial infarction c Diabetes 69 Which lab value can indicate renal dysfunction in aortic pathology? a Creatinine b Cholesterol c Sodium 70 What does an elevated ESR suggest in aortic pathology? a Low platelet count b Blood clot c Inflammation 71 What is the normal range for ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) in liver function tests? a 5-20 U/L b 50-100 U/L c 10-40 U/L 72 Which liver enzyme is primarily found in the liver and is used to assess liver function? a CK (Creatine Kinase) b AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) c LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) 73 What does an elevated level of GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) indicate? a Kidney dysfunction b Heart disease c Liver or bile duct injury 74 What is the normal range for total bilirubin in liver function tests? a 3-5 mg/dL b 10-15 mg/dL c 0.3-1.2 mg/dL 75 Which liver function test measures the synthetic function of the liver? a Albumin b Lipase c Amylase 76 What is the primary function of the liver in the body? a Blood circulation b Detoxification c Muscle contraction 77 Which liver enzyme is elevated in cases of liver damage or disease? a LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) b CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase) c ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) 78 What is the normal range for PT (Prothrombin Time) in liver function tests? a 11-13 seconds b 5-8 seconds c 20-25 seconds 79 Which liver function test is used to assess the liver's ability to excrete bilirubin? a Direct Bilirubin b Total Bilirubin c Indirect Bilirubin 80 What is the normal range for AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) in liver function tests? a 10-30 U/L b 40-60 U/L c 5-15 U/L 81 Which landmark is used to locate the liver on ultrasound? a Left kidney b Right hemidiaphragm c Spleen 82 What is the landmark for the portal vein in liver ultrasound? a Gallbladder b Common bile duct c Main portal vein bifurcation 83 Which structure is used to identify the caudate lobe on ultrasound? a Inferior vena cava b Gallbladder c Aorta 84 What is the landmark for the left portal vein branch? a Right hepatic vein b Inferior vena cava c Middle hepatic vein 85 Which structure helps in identifying the right portal vein branch? a Aorta b Right hepatic artery c Left hepatic vein 86 What is the landmark for the right lobe of the liver on ultrasound? a Left kidney b Spleen c Gallbladder fossa 87 Which structure is used to locate the falciform ligament on ultrasound? a Aorta b Spleen c Main portal vein 88 What is the landmark for the ligamentum venosum in liver ultrasound? a Gallbladder b Left portal vein c Inferior vena cava 89 Which structure helps identify the quadrate lobe on ultrasound? a Right hepatic vein b Left portal vein c Aorta 90 What is the landmark for the hepatic veins in liver ultrasound? a Aorta b Spleen c Inferior vena cava
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