Relier Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonVersion en ligne Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features par Abigail Scott 1 Skull 2 Associated Bones of the Skull 3 Vertebral Column 4 Axial Skeleton 5 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage Sternum & 24 Ribs 1 Cavities 2 Skull 3 Coronal Suture 4 Nasal Cavity 5 Squamous Suture 6 Palatine Suture 7 Sagittal Suture 8 Sutures 9 Cranial Cavity 10 Oral Cavity 11 Orbital Cavities 12 Types of Sutures 13 Lambdoid Suture Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joints between the bones of the skull Joint between 2 parietal bones Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Joint between palatine bones Joint between parietal and occipital bones Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral 1 Palatine 2 Vomer 3 Neurocranium 4 Lacrimal 5 Maxilla 6 Zygomatic 7 Temporal 8 Parietal 9 Face 10 Occipital 11 Frontal 12 Sphenoid 13 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 14 Ethmoid 15 Inferior Nasal Conchae 16 Nasal 17 Mandible Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Neurocranium and Face Lower jaw Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Inferior nasal septum Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Roof of nasal cavity Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) 1 Stapes 2 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 3 Incus 4 Associated Bones of the Skull 5 Malleus 6 Ear Ossicles 7 Hyoid Anvil Stirrup slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Malleus, Incus, Stapes Hammer Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Ear Ossicles & Hyoid 1 Coccyx 2 Kyphosis 3 Sacrum 4 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 5 Lordosis 6 Lumbar Vertebrae 7 Cervical Vertebrae 8 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 9 Thoracic Vertebrae 10 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 11 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 12 Parts of the Sacrum Tailbone Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Vertebrae of the lower back Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Posterior pelvis Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Vertebrae of the Neck 1 Sternum 2 False Ribs 3 Body 4 Xyphoid Process 5 True Ribs 6 Function of the Rib Cage 7 Sternocostal Joints 8 Sternum Components 9 Floating Ribs 10 Ribs 11 Manubrium 12 Costochondral Joints 13 Components of the Rib Cage 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles Bottom tab on the sternum Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints Breastbone 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints 1 Sternocostal Joints 2 Axial Joints 3 Atlanto-occipital Joint 4 Atlanto-axial Joint 5 Intervertebral Joints 6 Vertebrocostal Joints 7 Temporomandibular Joint Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle atlas + dens of axis Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal mandibular fossa + condylar process manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7)
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