Relier Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonVersion en ligne Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features par Abigail Scott 1 Vertebral Column 2 Axial Skeleton 3 Skull 4 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 5 Associated Bones of the Skull Sternum & 24 Ribs 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage 1 Cavities 2 Orbital Cavities 3 Lambdoid Suture 4 Sutures 5 Cranial Cavity 6 Nasal Cavity 7 Oral Cavity 8 Types of Sutures 9 Skull 10 Palatine Suture 11 Coronal Suture 12 Squamous Suture 13 Sagittal Suture Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Joint between parietal and occipital bones Joints between the bones of the skull Joint between 2 parietal bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Joint between palatine bones 1 Parietal 2 Temporal 3 Zygomatic 4 Palatine 5 Occipital 6 Neurocranium 7 Maxilla 8 Vomer 9 Lacrimal 10 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 11 Ethmoid 12 Sphenoid 13 Face 14 Frontal 15 Nasal 16 Inferior Nasal Conchae 17 Mandible Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Inferior nasal septum Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Neurocranium and Face Lower jaw Roof of nasal cavity Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit 1 Associated Bones of the Skull 2 Incus 3 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 4 Malleus 5 Stapes 6 Ear Ossicles 7 Hyoid Hammer Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Anvil Malleus, Incus, Stapes Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Stirrup slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing 1 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 2 Lordosis 3 Parts of the Sacrum 4 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 5 Cervical Vertebrae 6 Sacrum 7 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 8 Kyphosis 9 Thoracic Vertebrae 10 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 11 Coccyx 12 Lumbar Vertebrae Tailbone Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Vertebrae of the lower back Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Posterior pelvis Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Vertebrae of the Neck Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae 1 Floating Ribs 2 Sternum Components 3 Xyphoid Process 4 Costochondral Joints 5 True Ribs 6 Function of the Rib Cage 7 Manubrium 8 Ribs 9 Sternocostal Joints 10 False Ribs 11 Sternum 12 Body 13 Components of the Rib Cage Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints Bottom tab on the sternum Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) Breastbone 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage 1 Intervertebral Joints 2 Temporomandibular Joint 3 Atlanto-occipital Joint 4 Sternocostal Joints 5 Vertebrocostal Joints 6 Atlanto-axial Joint 7 Axial Joints Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7) superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles mandibular fossa + condylar process atlas + dens of axis T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks)
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