Relier Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonVersion en ligne Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features par Abigail Scott 1 Vertebral Column 2 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 3 Axial Skeleton 4 Skull 5 Associated Bones of the Skull Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage Sternum & 24 Ribs 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones 1 Skull 2 Sutures 3 Palatine Suture 4 Sagittal Suture 5 Orbital Cavities 6 Lambdoid Suture 7 Coronal Suture 8 Cranial Cavity 9 Nasal Cavity 10 Cavities 11 Squamous Suture 12 Types of Sutures 13 Oral Cavity Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Joint between palatine bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joint between 2 parietal bones Joint between parietal and temporal bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joints between the bones of the skull Joint between parietal and occipital bones 1 Vomer 2 Lacrimal 3 Parietal 4 Occipital 5 Face 6 Frontal 7 Mandible 8 Palatine 9 Nasal 10 Maxilla 11 Neurocranium 12 Sphenoid 13 Inferior Nasal Conchae 14 Ethmoid 15 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 16 Temporal 17 Zygomatic Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Roof of nasal cavity Lower jaw Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Neurocranium and Face Inferior nasal septum 1 Ear Ossicles 2 Incus 3 Malleus 4 Stapes 5 Hyoid 6 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 7 Associated Bones of the Skull slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Anvil Malleus, Incus, Stapes Stirrup Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Hammer Ear Ossicles & Hyoid 1 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 2 Thoracic Vertebrae 3 Parts of the Sacrum 4 Lordosis 5 Kyphosis 6 Sacrum 7 Lumbar Vertebrae 8 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 9 Cervical Vertebrae 10 Coccyx 11 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 12 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Tailbone Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Vertebrae of the lower back Vertebrae of the Neck Posterior pelvis Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina 1 Body 2 True Ribs 3 Xyphoid Process 4 Components of the Rib Cage 5 Floating Ribs 6 Sternum 7 Function of the Rib Cage 8 False Ribs 9 Sternum Components 10 Sternocostal Joints 11 Costochondral Joints 12 Ribs 13 Manubrium Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage Bottom tab on the sternum 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process Breastbone Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) 1 Atlanto-axial Joint 2 Atlanto-occipital Joint 3 Temporomandibular Joint 4 Intervertebral Joints 5 Vertebrocostal Joints 6 Axial Joints 7 Sternocostal Joints mandibular fossa + condylar process atlas + dens of axis Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7)
