Relier Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonVersion en ligne Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features par Abigail Scott 1 Associated Bones of the Skull 2 Axial Skeleton 3 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 4 Skull 5 Vertebral Column Sternum & 24 Ribs Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones 1 Types of Sutures 2 Sutures 3 Cavities 4 Orbital Cavities 5 Palatine Suture 6 Lambdoid Suture 7 Cranial Cavity 8 Skull 9 Coronal Suture 10 Squamous Suture 11 Oral Cavity 12 Sagittal Suture 13 Nasal Cavity Joints between the bones of the skull Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Joint between palatine bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Joint between 2 parietal bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Joint between parietal and temporal bones Joint between parietal and occipital bones 1 Inferior Nasal Conchae 2 Maxilla 3 Lacrimal 4 Vomer 5 Sphenoid 6 Frontal 7 Occipital 8 Neurocranium 9 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 10 Ethmoid 11 Face 12 Parietal 13 Nasal 14 Palatine 15 Temporal 16 Zygomatic 17 Mandible Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Inferior nasal septum Roof of nasal cavity Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Neurocranium and Face Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Lower jaw Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit 1 Hyoid 2 Ear Ossicles 3 Malleus 4 Incus 5 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 6 Associated Bones of the Skull 7 Stapes Hammer Stirrup slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Anvil Malleus, Incus, Stapes 1 Parts of the Sacrum 2 Kyphosis 3 Coccyx 4 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 5 Cervical Vertebrae 6 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 7 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 8 Thoracic Vertebrae 9 Lordosis 10 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 11 Lumbar Vertebrae 12 Sacrum Tailbone Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Vertebrae of the Neck Posterior pelvis Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Vertebrae of the lower back Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes 1 Ribs 2 Manubrium 3 Costochondral Joints 4 True Ribs 5 Xyphoid Process 6 Sternum Components 7 False Ribs 8 Function of the Rib Cage 9 Sternum 10 Body 11 Components of the Rib Cage 12 Floating Ribs 13 Sternocostal Joints Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) Bottom tab on the sternum Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints Breastbone 1 Axial Joints 2 Vertebrocostal Joints 3 Atlanto-axial Joint 4 Atlanto-occipital Joint 5 Temporomandibular Joint 6 Sternocostal Joints 7 Intervertebral Joints superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7) Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) mandibular fossa + condylar process T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle atlas + dens of axis Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal
