Practice testing
Self-explanation
Keyword mnemonic
Summarization
Rereading
Imagery for text
Elaborative interrogation
Interleaved practice
Highlighting/underlining
Distributed practice
Implementing a schedule of practice that mixes different kinds of problems, or a schedule of study that mixes different kinds of material, within a single study session
Writing summaries (of various lengths) of to-be-learned texts
Explaining how new information is related to known information, or explaining steps taken during problem solving
Generating an explanation for why an explicitly stated fact or concept is true
Marking potentially important portions of to-be-learned materials while reading
Self-testing or taking practice tests over to-be-learned material
Using keywords and mental imagery to associate verbal materials
Restudying text material again after an initial reading
Attempting to form mental images of text materials while reading or listening
Implementing a schedule of practice that spreads out study activities over time