1
.
A
management
information
system
(
MIS
)
provides
information
that
is
needed
to
manage
organizations
efficiently
and
effectively
.
[
1
]
Managementinformation
systems
are
not
only
computer
systems
-
these
systems
encompass
three
primary
components
:
technology
,
people
(
individuals
,
groups
,
or
organizations
)
,
and
data
/
information
for
decision
making
.
Management
information
systems
are
distinct
from
other
information
systems
in
that
they
are
designed
to
be
used
to
analyze
and
facilitate
strategic
and
operational
activities
in
the
____________________
.
[
2
]
Academically
,
the
term
is
commonly
used
to
refer
to
the
study
of
how
individuals
,
groups
,
and
organizations
evaluate
,
design
,
implement
,
manage
,
and
utilize
systems
to
generate
information
to
____________________
efficiency
and
effectiveness
of
decision
making
,
including
systems
termed
decision
support
systems
,
expert
systems
,
and
executive
information
systems
.
2
.
Over
time
,
the
term
MIS
broadened
to
include
:
decision
support
systems
,
resource
managementand
human
resource
management
,
____________________
resource
planning
(
ERP
)
,
____________________
performance
management
(
EPM
)
,
____________________
chain
management
(
SCM
)
,
____________________
relationship
management
(
CRM
)
,
project
management
and
database
retrieval
applications
.
3
.
____________________
Systems
are
computer
program
applications
used
by
middle
management
to
compile
information
from
a
wide
range
of
sources
to
support
problem
solving
and
decision
making
.
4
.
____________________
Systems
is
a
reporting
tool
that
provides
quick
access
to
summarized
reports
coming
from
all
company
levels
and
departments
such
as
accounting
,
human
resources
and
operations
.
5
.
____________________
information
systems
are
MIS
designed
specifically
for
managing
the
marketing
aspects
of
the
business
.
6
.
?
____________________
automation
systems
(
OAS
)
support
communication
and
productivity
in
the
enterprise
by
automating
work
flow
and
eliminating
bottlenecks
.
OAS
may
be
implemented
at
any
and
all
levels
of
management
.
7
.
?
____________________
management
information
systems
(
MIS
)
cover
school
administration
,
and
often
including
teaching
and
learning
materials
.
