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1. Treatment of patients with septic shock has the following major goals:
2. Management principles for septic shock include the following:
3. The following medications may be used in the management of septic shock:

Start adequate antibiotics (proper spectrum and dose) as early as possible

Proper ventilator management with low tidal volume in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Identify the source of infection and treat with antimicrobial therapy, surgery, or both (source control)

Alpha-/beta-adrenergic agonists (eg, norepinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, epinephrine, vasopressin, phenylephrine)

Resuscitate the patient from septic shock by using supportive measures to correct hypoxia, hypotension, and impaired tissue oxygenation (hypoperfusion)

Source control

Volume expanders (eg, albumin)

Early and adequate antibiotic therapy

Maintain adequate organ system function, guided by cardiovascular monitoring, and interrupt the progression of MODS

Synthetic human angiotensin II

Isotonic crystalloids (eg, normal saline, lactated Ringer solution)

Early recognition

Early hemodynamic resuscitation and continued support

Antibiotics (eg, cefotaxime, ticarcillin-clavulanate, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem-cilastatin, meropenem, clindamycin, metronidazole, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, levofloxacin, vancomycin)

Corticosteroids (eg, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone)