The
reduction
in
mother
-
to
-
child
____________________
of
human
immunodeficiency
virus
(
HIV
)
is
____________________
as
one
of
the
most
effective
public
____________________
initiatives
in
the
United
States
.
In
the
absence
of
____________________
,
the
risk
of
vertical
transmission
____________________
HIV
is
____________________
high
as
25
-
30%
.
With
the
implementation
of
HIV
testing
,
counseling
,
antiretroviral
medication
,
delivery
by
cesarean
section
prior
to
onset
of
labor
,
and
discouraging
breastfeeding
,
the
mother
-
to
-
infant
transmission
has
decreased
to
less
than
2%
in
the
United
States
.
Before
the
current
treatment
____________________
,
approximately
2000
babies
were
infected
with
HIV
____________________
year
in
the
United
States
alone
.
That
figure
now
____________________
at
less
than
200
infants
per
year
since
2010
(
there
were
86
____________________
transmissions
in
the
US
in
2015
)
.
