The process approach to writing (process-oriented writing)
Word Processor
Tools such as email or forum spaces provide more thinking time, allowing learners to rehearse language use before committing to share their ideas.
Synchronous Technologies
This is a traditional approach, in which students are encouraged to mimic a model text, which is usually presented and analysed at an early stage.
A collaborative website which can be directly edited merely by using a web browser, often by anyone with access to it.
Ways of building community, sharing content such as podcasts and vodcasts via Youtube; negotiating content collaboratively through wikis; creating networks of shared knowledge through tagging etc.
The Product Approach (product-oriented) Writing
Asynchronous Technologies
A software or a device that allows users to create, edit, and print documents.
Wiki
This includes a person's knowledge of topic, knowledge of audience and stored writing plans.
A writing instruction approach which views written expression studies not as a product but as a process, and on basis of students’ written expression products, it reveals what students think in writing process, what they do, what characteristics writing process do have
Any tool that is in real-time, such as instant messaging that allows students and teachers to ask and answer questions immediately.
Scaffolding
The Writer's Long Term Memory
A process in which teachers model or demonstrate how to solve a problem, and then step back, offering support as needed.
Web 2.0 Developments
