Why does onychomycosis contra-indicate nail enhancement treatments?
A.
It is a viral infection
B.
It is a fungal infection
C.
It is a bacterial infection
D.
It is a parasitic infection
2.
What type of disorder is tinea unguium?
A.
Bacterial
B.
Viral
C.
Congenital
D.
Fungal
3.
Why would a whitlow contraindicate the service?
A.
Because it is a painful inflamed condition
B.
Because it is an infectious condition
C.
Because the condition might worsen
D.
Because the condition might spread
4.
Which of the following conditions is a bacterial infection?
A.
Onychomadesis
B.
Onycholysis
C.
Paronychia
D.
Pterygium
5.
Which of the following is a characteristic of eczema?
A.
Elevated weals on the skin
B.
Silvery scales
C.
Red itchy rash
D.
Pustules
6.
When may onychorrhexis restrict a nail enhancement service?
A.
When it is contagious
B.
If the client suffers from the condition on a regular basis
C.
If the client has the condition on two or more nails
D.
When a split in the nail is below the free edge
7.
What is the name given to an inflammation of the nail?
A.
Chilblains
B.
Eponychia
C.
Onychia
D.
Koilonychia
8.
Which of the following conditions may restrict the application of nail enhancements?
A.
Psoriasis
B.
Paronychia
C.
Onychomycosis
D.
Onychorrhexis
9.
What type of infection causes green discolouration between the nail plate and the overlay?
A.
Bacteria
B.
Fungus
C.
Mould
D.
Virus
10.
What action should be taken if discolouration is found between the nail plate and the overlay?
A.
Perform an infill service and use a dark polish to cover it
B.
Remove the enhancement and allow to grow out before they are replaced
C.
Remove the enhancement and file away the discoloration
D.
Leave the enhancement in place and send the client to their GP
11.
Which of the following terms means a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat?
A.
Exothermic
B.
Endothermic
C.
Ectothermic
D.
Epithermic
12.
What is meant by an exothermic reaction?
A.
A chemical reaction that causes product to harden
B.
A chemical reaction that needs heat to occur
C.
A chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
D.
A chemical reaction that occurs without a catalyst
13.
What may be the result if a nail infection between the natural nail plate and the overlay is left untreated?
A.
It will grow out with the natural growth of the nail
B.
It will fade and disappear over time
C.
It will destroy the nail plate
D.
It will spread to the other nails
14.
Which of the following is an ingredient in gel?
A.
Methacrylate ester monomers
B.
Polymethyl methacrylate
C.
Ethyl cyanoancrylate
D.
Dibenzoyl peroxide
15.
Which of the following products is used to improve the adhesion between the nail plate and artificial enhancement products?
A.
Resin
B.
Primer
C.
Nail glue
D.
Base coat
16.
Which of the following statements are true with regard to gel systems?
A.
All gel systems air cure
B.
All gels systems are applied in the same way
C.
All gel systems are resistant to solvents and must be removed by buffing
D.
The therapist must always follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding application and removal
17.
Which product is used to remove any sticky residue after curing?
A.
Nail primer
B.
Sterilising solution
C.
Activator spray
D.
Non-acetone enamel remover
18.
Which of the following systems is generally considered to be the easiest of the overlay systems to master?
A.
UV gel enhancements
B.
Wrap enhancements
C.
Liquid and powder sculpting
D.
Liquid and powder overlays
19.
Which system is generally considered to be the strongest of the overlay systems?
A.
UV gel overlay
B.
Fibreglass wrap overlay
C.
China silk overlay
D.
Liquid and powder overlay
20.
Which of the following systems requires a catalyst in the form of a liquid spray or brush on activator?
A.
UV Gel system
B.
Wrap system
C.
Liquid and powder system
D.
Sculpted acrylic system
21.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the application of a primer or bonding agent?
A.
Apply primer liberally to all ten nails at the start of the treatment before the tips have been applied
B.
Apply primer sparingly to the natural nail only after the tips have been applied and blended just before the overlay
C.
Apply primer over both the natural nail and the tip after blending but before the overlay
D.
Apply primer after tip application but before blending and reapply once blending has been completed
22.
What is the purpose of a primer or bonding agent?
A.
To encourage the curing of the resin in wrap systems
B.
To encourage the curing of gels in the no-lite gel systems
C.
To improve the adhesion between the nail plate and artificial products
D.
To improve the adhesion between the glue and the artificial tip
23.
During enhancement removal, what can be the effect of solvents to the nail plate and surrounding skin?
A.
It can over-hydrate the nail and surrounding skin
B.
It can thin the nail plate
C.
It can over-dehydrate the nail and surrounding skin
D.
It can thicken the nail plate
24.
How much solvent should be placed in a soak-off bowl for removal?
A.
2-3cms
B.
5-6cms
C.
Enough to cover the client's fingers
D.
Enough to cover the client's hands
25.
What could adhesive on the side of the nail wall cause?
A.
The nail to break
B.
Pterygium
C.
The tip to lift
D.
An unbalanced finish
26.
What could cause the products to lift around the cuticle area?
A.
Overuse of the product
B.
Over-buffing
C.
Insufficient use of sanitiser
D.
Removal of loose tissue from the cuticle area
27.
Why should a free margin be left at the cuticles?
A.
To prevent lifting
B.
To create a narrower nail plate
C.
To give a balanced look
D.
To lengthen of the nails
28.
Which type of nail tips are commonly used for nail enhancements?
A.
HDPE plastic
B.
Glass fibre
C.
Polypropylene
D.
ABS plastic
29.
What will happen if the therapist tries to fit a tip with a deeper ‘C’ curve on a client with a naturally flatter nail?
A.
The tip will want to spring back up and regain its natural shape
B.
The tip will want to curl back up causing problems at the side walls
C.
It will help to create an illusion of an upper arch that is not there naturally
D.
It will give the illusion of a continuation of the lower arch
30.
Which of the following is the weakest form of nail enhancements?
A.
Full cover
B.
Wraps
C.
Acrylic
D.
Gel
31.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using unblended tips?
A.
The contact area is larger so the overlay is stronger
B.
Unblended tips need more blending and there could be a risk of damage to the client's natural nail plate
C.
The finished nail will look clearer & more defined than a pre blended tip
D.
A full contact area is less susceptible to air pockets in the adhesive
32.
Which type of sculpting forms are not used when applying gel nail systems?
A.
Plastic forms
B.
Metals forms
C.
Teflon-coated forms
D.
Paper forms
33.
Which of the following client nail conditions is unsuitable for sculpting?
A.
A long natural nail bed in good condition
B.
A ski-jump nail
C.
A hook or claw shaped nail
D.
A chipped or broken nail
34.
Which of the following methods is correct with regard to blending tips?
A.
Use a 240 grit file from the tip toward the contact area avoiding contact with the nail plate
B.
Use a white block in a see-saw motion from side wall to side wall across the contact area
C.
Use a white block in an up and down motion from cuticle to free edge across the contact area
D.
Use a 240 grit file from the contact area toward the tip avoiding contact with the free edge of the tip
35.
Which of the following repair materials is considered the least suitable for repairing the severed free edge of a natural nail?
A.
Silk
B.
Paper tissue
C.
Paper tissue
D.
Fibreglass
36.
Which is considered the most appropriate system for repairing a break in a natural nail?
A.
UV gel
B.
Liquid and powder
C.
Sculpting
D.
Wraps
37.
If a client presents with short flaky nails and wanted to grow them, which of the following would be the most appropriate enhancement procedures to suggest?
A.
Apply a full set of tips with an acrylic overlay
B.
Apply a full set of liquid and powder sculpted nails
C.
Apply a full set of natural overlays with either UV gel or wraps
D.
Apply a full set of full tips with nail adhesive
38.
What action should the therapist take if the client attends a maintenance appointment and presents with a large area of discolouration on the nail plate under an overlay?
A.
Send the client straight to her GP
B.
Perform a rebalance but finish with dark polish
C.
Remove the overlay, buff out the discolouration with a white-block and re-apply a new overlay
D.
Remove the structure and refer the client to their GP or pharmacist for further treatment
39.
Which of the following statements is the correct way to treat minor lifting?
A.
Nip the excess away with cuticle nippers
B.
Blend the lifted area into the natural nail with acetone
C.
Apply nail glue under the lifting with an orange stick and press down
D.
Buff away carefully without over-buffing the nail plate
40.
Why should nippers not be used to clip away lifting gel?
A.
Because they creates an uneven finish.
B.
Because they are abrasive to the nail.
C.
Because they can cause bruising.
D.
Because they may thin the nail plate.
41.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding in-fills with UV gel enhancements?
A.
UV gels cannot be in-filled and must be replaced
B.
The procedure is the same for in-fills for all systems
C.
One hand must be completed before the other is started
D.
The two hands should be treated together
42.
Which of the following statements is correct with regard to removing UV gel enhancements?
A.
Many UV gel systems are not affected by acetone so the only way to remove them is by buffing them off
B.
Most UV gel systems are affected by acetone so the only way to remove them is by soaking them off
C.
UV gel systems can only be removed using a remover from the manufacturer
D.
UV gel systems can be removed easily with any normal nail varnish remover as long as it is acetone-based
43.
How often should aftercare advice be given to a client?
A.
Only after there is a contra-action
B.
Only when the treatment changes
C.
Only when the client requests it
D.
After each and every treatment
44.
How often should a client return for a maintenance appointment?
A.
Every week
B.
Every 2 - 3 weeks
C.
Every 4 weeks
D.
Every 5 - 6 weeks
45.
The UV lamp used in the curing process for gel nails is known as the:
