Traction
Bending
Torsion
Compression
Shearing or cutting
Shear
Compression
Traction
Torsion
Flexion
To cut
To crush
To bend
To twist
To stretch
Flexion
Traction
Compression
Shear
Torsion
Forces pulling away from each other, stretching the object.
Forces twisting the structure, causing parts to rotate in opposite directions.
Parallel forces pushing in opposite directions, very close to each other.
Two forces pushing towards each other at a distance, with a third force pushing in the opposite direction between them.
Forces pushing towards each other, compressing the structure.