What is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another called?
A.
Chemistry
B.
Biology
C.
Physiology
D.
Anatomy
2.
Which of the following is NOT one of the levels of structural organization in the human body?
A.
Cell
B.
Organ
C.
Amino Groups
D.
Organism
3.
What is the term for the ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world changes continuously?
A.
Metabolism
B.
Anabolism
C.
Homeostasis
D.
Catabolism
4.
What is the term for the sum total of all chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up?
A.
Metabolism
B.
Homeostasis
C.
Catabolism
D.
Anabolism
5.
Which of the following is NOT a necessary life function?
A.
Movement
B.
Digestion
C.
Reproduction
D.
Respiration
6.
Which body system is responsible for protecting the body by detecting and responding to changes in the external environment?
A.
Immune system
B.
Nervous system
C.
Respiratory system
D.
Endocrine system
7.
What is the term for the body's ability to detect changes in its internal or external environment and respond to them?
A.
Responsiveness
B.
Homeostasis
C.
Anabolism
D.
Metabolism
8.
Groups of many cells working together to perform a common
function are known as a(n):
A.
cell
B.
organ
C.
organ system
D.
tissue
9.
Which two are subatomic particles?
A.
nucleotides
B.
proton
C.
neutron
D.
phospholipids
10.
How many electrons are in the outer shell of an atom with 15 electrons?
A.
2
B.
4
C.
5
D.
8
11.
What always matches the atomic number?
A.
protons
B.
neutrons
C.
electrons
D.
ions
12.
What would be the same about an element and an isotope of the same element?
A.
mass number
B.
protons
C.
atomic number
D.
Both C and D
13.
The element lithium has an atomic number of 3 and a mass
number of 7. How many neutrons does a lithium atom have?
A.
3
B.
4
C.
7
D.
8
14.
Two distinct compounds combined with one remaining suspended within the other is called a ___________.
A.
mixture
B.
compound
C.
solute
D.
colloid
15.
A cation and anion react to most likely form a
A.
polar covalent bond
B.
hydrogen bond
C.
ionic bond
D.
nonpolar covalent bond
16.
A covalent bond involves
A.
removing water (H2O)
B.
sharing electrons between a metal and nonmetal
C.
exchanging electrons
D.
sharing electrons between water and a base
17.
The single most abundant element in the human body which accounts for approximately 65% of the body mass is
A.
potassium
B.
hydrogen
C.
oxygen
D.
phosphate
18.
The simplest level of organization in the human body is cellular level.
A.
True
B.
False
19.
Two or more atoms of the same element that are chemically combined are known as
A.
ions
B.
molecules
C.
suspensions
D.
compounds
20.
Polypeptide chains that contribute to a protein's quarterary structure each have their own primary, secondary, and tertiary structures.
A.
True
B.
False
21.
What forms the basis for the body's steroids?
A.
triglyceride
B.
cholesterol
C.
testosterone
D.
glucose
22.
The alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet are characteristics of
A.
primary protein structure
B.
secondary protein structure
C.
tertiary protein structure
D.
quarterary protein structure
23.
Due to the low heat capacity of water the human body is resistant to overheating and cooling down quickly.
A.
True
B.
False
24.
The atomic number represents the number of
A.
neutrons in an atom
B.
protons in an atom
C.
electrons in an atom
D.
protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
25.
Amino acids are the monomers for
A.
lipids
B.
proteins
C.
nucleic acids
D.
carbohydrates
26.
Ionic bonds result from
A.
weak attractions between polar molecules
B.
a transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom
C.
the equal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms
D.
the unequal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms
27.
The main structural component of cell membranes
A.
phospholipids
B.
triglycerides
C.
cholesterol
D.
steroids
28.
What group makes each amino acid unique?
A.
ammonia groups
B.
carboholic acid group
C.
R group
D.
amino group
29.
What type of polar covalent bond links amino acids?
A.
peptide bonds
B.
key tone bond
C.
hydrophobic bond
D.
amphilactic bond
30.
Energy is released when ATP is broken down into ADP.
A.
True
B.
False
31.
What property of water helps keep body temperature stabilized?
A.
surface tension
B.
polarity
C.
heat capacity
D.
universal solvent
32.
In the following chemical reaction, what is NaCl? NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
A.
acid
B.
reactant
C.
water
D.
product
33.
What statement best describes enzyme function?
A.
Enzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products.
B.
Enzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
C.
One enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates.
D.
Enzymes can perform catabolic reactions only.
34.
Select the simplest sugar.
A.
lactose
B.
starch
C.
glucose
D.
sucrose
35.
Which of the following is the correct sequence from simplest to most complex in the levels of structural organization of the human body?
A.
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
B.
cellular, chemical, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
C.
cellular, tissue, chemical, organ, organ system, organismal
D.
chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organismal
36.
What is the smallest level of structural organization in the human body?
A.
cellular
B.
organ
C.
tissue
D.
chemical
37.
Solutions with a pH less than 7 are considered basic or alkaline.
A.
True
B.
False
38.
Yuri is working with a chemical in lab. The chemical is composed of repetitive units that include a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a sugar known as ribose. He is working with
A.
a nucleic acid
B.
a protein
C.
a carbohydrate
D.
a lipid
39.
A fatty acid that contains no double-covalent bonds is
A.
monosaturated
B.
polysaturated
C.
saturated
D.
hydrogenated
40.
Which pH represents a solution that releases 100 times less hydrogen ions than a pH of 9?
A.
pH 7
B.
pH 12
C.
pH 8
D.
pH 11
41.
Na+ is best known as a
A.
molecule
B.
ion
C.
compound
D.
macromolecule
42.
Hydrolosis of a polymer will produce
A.
enzymes
B.
electrolytes
C.
buffer
D.
monomer
43.
In a molecule of oxygen gas, the atoms of oxygen share electrons equally with one another. This statement best describes a
A.
ionic bond
B.
nonpolar covalent bond
C.
compound
D.
polar covalent bond
44.
Which of the following atoms is inert?
A.
atomic number of 8
B.
atomic number of 14
C.
atomic number of 6
D.
atomic number of 10
45.
The digestion food is exergonic since chemical bonds are broken and energy is released.
A.
True
B.
False
46.
What does the H in pH scale represent?
A.
concentration of H+ ions in solution
B.
a negative logarithm
C.
a negative charge
D.
heat
47.
The monomer of a carbohydrate is the
A.
fatty acid
B.
monosaccharide
C.
nucleotide
D.
amino acid
48.
Which of the following represents an exchange reaction?
A.
AB + CD -> AD + BC
B.
AB -> A + B
C.
A + B -> AB
D.
AB + CD -> BA + DC
49.
Hydrogen bonds are strong attractions between nonpolar covalent molecules.
A.
True
B.
False
50.
Water is most likely to dissolve a solute that is
A.
hydrophilic
B.
a lipid
C.
nonpolar
D.
hydrophobic
51.
Which of the following fatty acid chains has the most double bonds?
A.
polyunsaturated fatty acid
B.
glycerol
C.
monounsaturated fatty acid
D.
saturated fatty acid
52.
What subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
A.
neutron
B.
proton
C.
electron
D.
nucleus
53.
What contributes to the calculation of the mass number?
A.
sum of protons and electrons
B.
sum of protons and neutrons
C.
sum of electrons and neutrons
D.
sum of protons, neutrons, and electrons
54.
Which pH represents a solution that has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?
A.
pH 10
B.
pH 7
C.
pH 14
D.
pH 1
55.
What is the function of a buffer system?
A.
Buffer systems lowers activation energy of a chemical reaction
B.
Buffer systems act a as a lubricant between two adjacent surfaces
C.
Buffer systems prevent large swings in pH when an acid or base is added to a solution
D.
Buffer systems absorbs heat without changing temperature themselves
56.
Ionic bonds result from
A.
weak attractions between polar molecules
B.
the transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom
C.
the equal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms
D.
the unequal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms
57.
A solution containing equal number of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is
A.
basic
B.
neutral
C.
alkaline
D.
acidic
58.
What type of bond is responsible for the surface tension of water?
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