Dynamic Positioning can be defined as a system which
A.
Controls a vessel's position and heading based on joystick inputs from a DP operator.
B.
Automatically controls a vessel's heading exclusively by means of active thrust.
C.
Automatically controls a vessel's position and heading exclusively by means of active thrust.
D.
Controls a vessel's position and heading based on manual inputs from individual thruster controls.
2.
Which of the following include 4 of the 7 main elements of a DP system?
A.
Safety equipment, thrusters, lifeboats and navigation lights.
B.
Thrusters, power supply, position reference systems and sensors.
C.
Loran, power supply, ballast system and thrusters.
D.
Sensors, stability calculator, position reference systems and magnetic compass.
3.
The Sway is determined from data from:
A.
Position Reference systems.
B.
Gyro compasses.
C.
Vertical Reference Sensors.
D.
Draft sensors.
4.
Which of the '6 degrees of freedom' for movements of a ship are controlled by the DP system?
A.
Pitch, Roll and Heave.
B.
Roll, Surge and Sway.
C.
Swell, Heading and Heave.
D.
Sway, Yaw and Surge.
5.
With the DP system set to the 'Auto Position' mode, the system will:
A.
Control the vessel's heading to achieve a minimum power configuration.manecer en la zona de confort
B.
Allow the DPO to manoeuvre the vessel using the Joystick control.
C.
Maintain the vessel's position and heading as closely as possible to the set-point values.
D.
Cause the vessel to automatically follow a predetermined track.
6.
Under which of the following conditions may positioning be improved by increasing 'Control Gain'?
A.
When station keeping is poor due to high noise in the position reference sensors.d de evitar cualquier tipo de relación
B.
When thrusters appear to be 'hunting'
C.
During periods of poor visibility.
D.
When encountering increased wind or current conditions.
7.
The DP current is determined by:
A.
Calculation using the mathematical model.
B.
Measurem Comparison of the vessel velocity from DGPS to the Doppler Log value.ent of the water velocity from the ship's Doppler L
C.
Comparison of the vessel velocity from DGPS to the Doppler Log value.
D.
Using thruster forces to determine velocity
8.
A DP system is divided into seven major hardware elements. Which element is the user interface for the DPO? la resiliencia?
A.
GMDSS
B.
DP Operator Station.
C.
Environmental Reference Systems.
D.
Position Reference Systems.
9.
A DP system is considered to have 'redundancy' when the vessel has:
A.
More than one Positioning Reference System
B.
The ability to maintain position and heading subsequent to a single point failure
C.
More than one DP Operator Station
D.
More than one Gyro Compass
10.
To understand the consequences of failure in any redundant part of a DP system onboard a DP 2 or 3 vessel, the DP operator should be familiar with:
A.
The International Maritime Organisation MSC/Circ 645 of 1994 Guidelines for Vessels with Dynamic Positioning Systems.
B.
Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping (STCW) Convention.
C.
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention.
D.
The Fallure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) document.
11.
What is an FMEA with respect to a DP vessel?
A.
A manual that gives instructions on the operation of the DP system.
B.
A document which highlights failure modes of the DP system and their effects on operation.
C.
Company procedures for carrying out DP operations.
D.
Emergency procedures to deal with DP failures.
12.
Should there be a severe system failure, such as the total loss of position or heading input to the system, a software function will maintain thruster output settings. This function is called:
A.
Model control or Dead Reckoning mode.
B.
Aerodynamic model.
C.
Thrust Allocation
D.
Wind feed forward.
13.
If a DP system component fails, the loss of position and/or heading can be prevented by:
A.
Higher speed computers.
B.
The provision of redundancy.
C.
Calibration tests
D.
More reliable processors.
14.
A DP Class 1 vessel
A.
is not able to maintain position automatically.
B.
Have at least two computers
C.
Has the highest standard of system redundancy available
D.
May lose position and/or heading of a single component in the DP system fails
15.
The online Consequence Analysis function:
A.
Determines the risk in the OP-planning process.
B.
required for Class 1, 2, and 3 vessels
C.
Verifies continued thruster and power redundancy for Of Class 2 and 3 vessels
D.
Calculates the vessel's capability to hold position in various wind conditions
16.
Under which DP vessel Equipment Class is it possible that loss of position may occur in the event of a single fault?
A.
Class 1.
B.
Class 2.
C.
Class 3.
D.
None of them.
17.
Which Position Reference System provides the DP system with a global position (i.e. Latitude and Longitude or UTM co-ordinates)?
A.
FMCW Radar
B.
DGNSS
C.
Taut Wire
D.
Laser
18.
What does the DP System use to calculate weighting (or confidence) for each Position Reference System?
A.
Distance from the receiver.
B.
Signal strength
C.
Weather conditions.
D.
Relative spread of fixes
19.
A local Positioning Reference System is measuring from a local Reference Origin. Examples are:
A.
Artemis, Taut Wire, FMCW Radar and Laser
B.
Artemis, DGNSS and Laser
C.
DGNSS, Taut Wire and FMCW Radar
D.
DGNSS, Artemis and FMCW Radar
20.
In a Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR) System, a Responder Beacon is a device which:
A.
Is Interrogated through water and replies through water.
B.
Sends continuous acoustic pulses from the sea floor.
C.
is interrogated by electrical signal through cable, replying through water.
D.
Is interrogated through water and replies via cable.
21.
What has a major negative effect on sound propagation in water when using an Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR) system?
A.
Seabed topography
B.
Thruster nolse
C.
Water pressure
D.
Water salinity
22.
When using a Hydroacoustic Position Reference (HPR) system, acoustic reception is not adversely affected by:
A.
Aeration in the water
B.
Heavy snowfall
C.
Thruster noise
D.
Temperature layering in the water column
23.
Ultra Short Baseline (USBL) Hydroacoustic positioning is determined by:
A.
Acoustic ranging from multiple transponders in an array.
B.
Range and bearing of a single transponder beacon.
C.
Difference in time of arrival of signal from a single pinger beacon to an array of hydrophones mounted on the vessel hull.
D.
Monitoring signals from a mobile transponder beacon
24.
Which is the system that uses a single transducer and a calibrated array of transponders located on the sea floor?
A.
Long Baseline (LBL) acoustic positioning
B.
Short Baseline [58] acoustic positioning
C.
Super Shon Baseline (SSBL) acoustic positioning
D.
Ultre Short Baseline (USBL) acoustic positioning.
25.
A DP system using the 'preferred method of sensor allocation is fitted with two Gyro Compasses; both are selected into the DP system and one is chosen as the 'preferred" Gyro. The system alerts you that there is a "heading difference error' between the two Gyros. What would you do?
A.
Immediately change the preferred Gyro.
B.
Call the Platform or Rig for assistance.
C.
Deselect both Gyros
D.
Compare the two Gyros with the Magnetic Compass, before deciding whether to change the preferred Gyro.
26.
What is a Capability Diagram?
A.
The capability of the ship concerning the DP-classes.
B.
A tool for estimating the position-keeping capability of the ship.
C.
The time interval for plotting the vessel's position on the screen.
D.
A history track of the vessel's positions showing the vessels offset.
27.
What is one disadvantage of a ship working using its DP system compared to being anchored?
A.
DP vessels are less manoeuvrable than a vessel positioning using anchors.
B.
Continually running thrusters are hazards for divers and ROVs.
C.
A DP vessel takes longer to move between work locations.
D.
A DP vessel can only work in very shallow water.
28.
For DP operations, how much settling time in Auto Position mode should normally be allowed before commencing work?
A.
15 minutes
B.
90 minutes
C.
60 minutes
D.
30 minutes
29.
in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system, how many Zones are there?
A.
24
B.
12
C.
60
D.
48
30.
If the DP console on a Class 1 vessel has a total loss of power while the vessel is on Auto DP, the DPO can control the vessel's thrusters by switching to:
A.
Auto Track Mode.
B.
DP Autopilot Mode.
C.
Joystick Mode on the console.
D.
Independent Joystick control.
31.
When planning a DP operation for a location close to a fixed structure, one of the most important considerations is to:
A.
Check that all position reference systems are on-line.
B.
Determine the schedule of platform communications.
C.
Plan a reliable vessel escape route from the location
D.
Complete a pre-operational checklist.
32.
Which of the following can cause wind model errors?
A.
An incorrect estimation of the sea current.
B.
Selection of more than three wind sensors.
C.
Increased thruster activity.
D.
Locating the vessel in a position which is partly sheltered from the wind.
33.
The thrusters on a DP vessel control:
A.
Heave, Pitch And Surge.
B.
Heave, Pitch And Sway.
C.
Yaw, Heave And Roll.
D.
Surge, Sway And Yaw.
34.
If a Thruster (which is not connected to a Shaft Generator/Alternator) fails to full force, the DPO should immediately:
A.
Call the Master.
B.
Activate the Emergency Stop for the failed thruster
C.
Deselect the failed thruster from the DP Operator Station.
D.
Inform the engine room.
35.
Why may "Prohibited azimuth zones" or "azimuth barring" still be required when only one azimuth thruster is fitted?
A.
To prevent interference with acoustic devices on the hull such as echo sounder and Doppler Log transducers
B.
to prevent interference with tunnel thrusters
C.
to allow access to the Azimuth Thruster in dry dock
D.
To make life easy for the engineers
36.
What determines the amount of thruster force used while operating in the joystick mode of operation?
A.
wind forcee measuerements
B.
The number of generations on the switchboard
C.
Joystick deflection and settings
D.
vessel classification
37.
Which of the following affects the amount of thruster force used while maintaining station in the auto-position mode?
A.
environmental forces acting on the vessel and excursion from set point, if any
B.
vessel IMO Equipment Class and Lloyds classification
C.
Number of position refernce systems in use.
D.
The class of operation being conduted
38.
a thruster Bias mode can be selected:
A.
to avoid unnecessary fuel consumption
B.
When Azimuth Thrusters continuously hunt for direction in low environmental conditions.
C.
on a Tunel Thruster
D.
In the Northern Hemisphere only
39.
What is the minimum number of Thrusters required for a DP Class 2 vessel?
A.
One bow and one stern Thrusters
B.
Two bow and two stern Thrusters
C.
Two bow and one stern Thrusters
D.
Three bow and two stern Thrusters
40.
How do you increase thrust with a Fixed Pitch Propeller?
A.
By changing the "angle fo attack" of the propeller blades
B.
By increasing the RPM
C.
By changing the direction of rotation
D.
All of the above
41.
How does a controllable pitch propeller work?
A.
RPM constant, propeller blades change " angle of attack" on the hub and direction of rotation reversed to go astern
B.
RPM varies form zero to 100 percent, propeller bldes fixed and direction of rotation reversed to go astern
C.
RPM varies from zero to 100 percent, propeller blades fixed and direction of rotation constant
D.
RPM constant, propeller blades change "angle of attack on the hub and direction of rotation constant.
42.
What is the function of the Motion Reference Unit?
A.
To measure Position
B.
To measure Pithch, Roll and Heave
C.
To measure Heading
D.
To enable compenstion for the wind force
43.
What is a vessel model?
A.
A totally accurate description of a vessel's motions
B.
A computer alforithm that calculates thruster set point signals
C.
A mathematical description of how the vessel reacts to the forces acting upon it
D.
A software routine continually monitoring redundancy level.
