Biochemistry 1

Cellular respiration can be split up into four sequences. ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­These sections are: -Glycolysis -Transition Reactions -Krebs Cycle or Citric Cycle -and __________________.

This process breaks down one molecule glucose into two molecules of NADH. Pyruvate molecules are than individually sent to the transition reactions. This process results in two products, H20 and NADH. Overall four ATP are made but its net gain is two ATP due to the fact that it uses two ATP in the process. What is the name of this process?

Where does the transition reaction occur?

This process produces NADH+H and FADH2. Pyruvate enters the Krebs Cycle then goes through a series of reactions and the final product is six NADH+H and two FADH2. These energy carriers are then sent to the electron transport chain. This process happens twice for every molecule of acetyl Co-A.

The majority of ATP created in cellular respiration is generated through this process. NADH and FADH2 drop their electrons which then move providing power to pump hydrogen across the membrane from the matrix into the intermediate space. This creates a concentration gradient forcing the hydrogen through ATP synthase binding ADP with Pi ( inorganic Phosphate).

An enzyme bound to its cofactor is called:

Enzymes typically perform how many reactions in the cytoplasm of cells?

If xxx substances and YYY enzymes are reacting to produces higher cellular concetrations of ZZZZ, then typically, ZZZZ would act as what in the process of regulation

Glycogen is uniquely suited to the storage of carbohydrates in the liver because:

Which of the following is indigestible by humans?

Which have double bonds?

Which property of phospholipids make them best suited for the formation of a bilayer in cellular membranes?

Which is used to make steroid hormones?

Amino acids are joined by what type of bond?

Myoglobin is an example of what protein conformation?

The addition of a phosphate group to a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base changes a molecule from a __________ to a nucleotide.

Select all the purines.

Which is found in RNA but not in DNA?

DNA Replication occurs in:

________ release energy as they occur

________ reactions require energy to occur.

_________ reactions build things out of smaller molecules.

______ reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones and in the process release energy.

enzyme that facilitates starch breakdown in the small intestine

Lactase breaks down lactose into ______ and _______

The protien transporter that carries glucose across the cell membranes of liver, kidney and beta cells of the pancreas is called

The protien transporter that carries glucose across the cell membranes of red blood cells and the brain is called

The protien transporter that carries glucose across the cell membranes of skeletal and cardiac muscle (note: this one is sensitive to insulin)