Time Division Multiplexing
Uses of parallel transmission
Sending data from one particular device to another, and measured in bits.
Demultiplexing delivers received segments at the receiver side to this layer in the OSI reference model.
Multiplexing technique to transmit analog signals.
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Example of duplex transmission
Uses of serial transmission
Example of half-duplex transmission
The 4-tuple to identify a TCP socket in connection-oriented multiplexing and demultiplexing
Bits are sent simultaneously over a number of lateral wires.
Bits are sent consecutively over a single wire.
Disadvantages of parallel transmission
Example of simplex transmission
The form that data travels in digital devices.
The layer in the OSI reference model which is the junction for multiplexing and demultiplexing.
Demultiplexing
Takes data stream from one high-speed line and breaks into portions and sends over several lower-speed lines simultaneously.
Example of connectionless multiplexing and demultiplexing
Integrated circuits, busses, connecting internal hard disk to a CPU.
Uses light signals transmitted through fiber optic channels whereby very narrow bands of light are combined from several sources to make a wider band of light.
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)
Transport Layer
Multiplexing
serial transmission
Data can be lost, receiving device has to reorder data, crosstalk.
Data transmission
Long range transfers, almsot all external components connected to another device, connecting a phone/keyboard/printer to a laptop.
source IP address source port number destination IP address destination port number
parallel transmission
Application layer
